202 lines
7.7 KiB
Markdown
202 lines
7.7 KiB
Markdown
# Spacemacs conventions
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<!-- markdown-toc start - Don't edit this section. Run M-x markdown-toc/generate-toc again -->
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**Table of Contents**
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- [Spacemacs conventions](#spacemacs-conventions)
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- [Code guidelines](#code-guidelines)
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- [Spacemacs core and layer](#spacemacs-core-and-layer)
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- [All layers](#all-layers)
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- [Key bindings conventions](#key-bindings-conventions)
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- [Prefix reserved to the user](#prefix-reserved-to-the-user)
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- [Prefix reserved to the current major mode](#prefix-reserved-to-the-current-major-mode)
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- [Navigation between items](#navigation-between-items)
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- [Interactions with REPLs](#interactions-with-repls)
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- [Interactions with Tests](#interactions-with-tests)
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- [For all languages](#for-all-languages)
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- [Depending on the language](#depending-on-the-language)
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- [Building and Compilation](#building-and-compilation)
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- [Debugging](#debugging)
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- [Code navigation](#code-navigation)
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- [Getting Help or Documentation](#getting-help-or-documentation)
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- [Evilify buffers](#evilify-buffers)
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- [Navigation in `insert state` buffers](#navigation-in-insert-state-buffers)
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<!-- markdown-toc end -->
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## Code guidelines
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### Spacemacs core and layer
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Function names follow these conventions:
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- `spacemacs/xxx` is an interactive function called `xxx`
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- `spacemacs//xxx` is a private function called `xxx` (implementation details)
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- `spacemacs|xxx` is a _macro_ called `xxx`
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Variables follow these conventions:
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- `spacemacs-xxx` is a variable
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- `spacemacs--xxx` is a private variable (implementation details)
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### All layers
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A package is initialized in a function with name `<layer>/init-xxx` where:
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- `<layer>` is the layer name
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- `xxx` is the package name
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## Key bindings conventions
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### Prefix reserved to the user
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<kbd>SPC o</kbd> must not be used by any layer. It is reserved for the user.
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### Prefix reserved to the current major mode
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<kbd>SPC m</kbd> is reserved for the current major mode. Three keys bindings
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are not an issue (ie. <kbd>SPC m h d</kbd>) since <kbd>SPC m</kbd> can be
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accessed via <kbd>,</kbd>.
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### Navigation between items
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To be consistent with the Vim way, <kbd>n</kbd> and <kbd>N</kbd> are favored
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over Emacs <kbd>n</kbd> and <kbd>p</kbd>.
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Ideally a micro-state should be provided to smooth the navigation experience.
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A micro-state allows to repeat key bindings without entering each time the
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prefix commands.
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More info on micro-states in the [documentation](DOCUMENTATION.md#micro-states).
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### Interactions with REPLs
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A lot of languages can interact with a REPL. To help keeping a consistent
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behavior between those languages the following conventions should be
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followed:
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- `<SPC> m` is the prefix for sending code if there is any conflict with
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other bindings then `<SPC> m s` is the prefered prefix. This allows fast
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interaction with the REPL whenever it is possible.
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- lower case key bindings keep the focus on the current buffer
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- upper case key bindings move the focus to the REPL buffer
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Key | Description
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--------------------|------------------------------------------------------------
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<kbd>m (s) b</kbd> | send buffer
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<kbd>m (s) B</kbd> | send buffer and switch to REPL
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<kbd>m (s) d</kbd> | first key to send buffer and switch to REPL to debug (step)
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<kbd>m (s) D</kbd> | second key to send buffer and switch to REPL to debug (step)
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<kbd>m (s) f</kbd> | send function
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<kbd>m (s) F</kbd> | send function and switch to REPL
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<kbd>m (s) l</kbd> | send line
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<kbd>m (s) L</kbd> | send line and switch to REPL
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<kbd>m (s) r</kbd> | send region
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<kbd>m (s) R</kbd> | send region and switch to REPL
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Note: we don't distinguish between the file and the buffer.
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### Interactions with Tests
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A lot of languages have their own test frameworks. These frameworks share
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common actions that we can unite under the same key bindings:
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- `<SPC> m t` is the prefix for test execution.
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- `<SPC> m T` is the prefix for test execution in debug mode (if supported).
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#### For all languages
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Key | Description
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------------------|------------------------------------------------------------
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<kbd>m t a</kbd> | execute all the tests of the current project
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<kbd>m t b</kbd> | execute all the tests of the current buffer
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<kbd>m t t</kbd> | execute the current test (thing at point, function)
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Note: we don't distinguish between the file and the buffer. We can implement
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an auto-save of the buffer before executing the tests.
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#### Depending on the language
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Key | Description
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------------------|------------------------------------------------------------
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<kbd>m t m</kbd> | execute the tests of the current module
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<kbd>m t s</kbd> | execute the tests of the current suite
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Note that there are overlaps, depending on the language we will choose one
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or more bindings for the same thing
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### Building and Compilation
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The base prefix for major mode specific compilation is <kbd>SPC m c</kbd>.
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Key Binding | Description
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---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------
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<kbd>m c c</kbd> | compile
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<kbd>m c r</kbd> | recompile
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### Debugging
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The base prefix for debugging commands is <kbd>SPC d</kbd>.
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Key Binding | Description
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---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------
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<kbd>m d a</kbd> | abandon current process
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<kbd>m d b</kbd> | toggle a breakpoint
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<kbd>m d c</kbd> | continue current process
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<kbd>m d d</kbd> | start debug process
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<kbd>m d n</kbd> | next breakpoint
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<kbd>m d N</kbd> | previous breakpoint
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Notes:
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- Ideally a micro-state for breakpoint navigation should be provided.
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- If there is no toggle breakpoint function, then it should be implemented at
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the spacemacs level and ideally the function should be proposed as a patch
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upstream (major mode repository).
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### Code navigation
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Key | Description
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------------------|------------------------------------------------------------
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<kbd>m g</kbd> | go to definition of thing under point
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### Getting Help or Documentation
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The base prefix for help commands is <kbd>SPC h</kbd>. Documentation is
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considered as an help command.
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Key | Description
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------------------|------------------------------------------------------------
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<kbd>m h d</kbd> | documentation of thing under point
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### Evilify buffers
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`Spacemacs` offers convenient functions to _evilify_ a buffer.
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_Evilifying_ a buffer is to:
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- add `hjkl` navigation
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- add incremental search with `/`, `n` and `N`
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- add `visual state` and `visual line state`
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- activate evil-leader key
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- fix all bindings shadows by the above additions
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To fix the shadowed bindings we capitalize them, for instance:
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shadowed `h` is transposed to `H`, if `H` is taken then it is
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transposed to `C-h` and so on...
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Example of _evilified_ buffers are `magit status`, `paradox buffer`.
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The related functions are:
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- `spacemacs/activate-evil-leader-for-maps` and `spacemacs/activate-evil-leader-for-map`
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- `spacemacs/evilify`
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### Navigation in `insert state` buffers
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Navigation in buffers like `Helm` and `ido` which are in `insert state` should
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be performed with <kbd>C-j</kbd> and <kbd>C-k</kbd> bindings for vertical
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movements.
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Key | Description
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<kbd>C-j</kbd> | go down
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<kbd>C-k</kbd> | go up
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History navigation in shells or REPLs buffers should be bound as well to
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<kbd>C-j</kbd> and <kbd>C-k</kbd>.
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Key | Description
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<kbd>C-j</kbd> | next item in history
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<kbd>C-k</kbd> | previous item in history
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