327 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
327 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
# git contribution layer for Spacemacs
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<!-- markdown-toc start - Don't edit this section. Run M-x markdown-toc/generate-toc again -->
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**Table of Contents**
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- [git contribution layer for Spacemacs](#git-contribution-layer-for-spacemacs)
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- [Description](#description)
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- [Install](#install)
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- [Layer](#layer)
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- [Github support](#github-support)
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- [Magit status fullscreen](#magit-status-fullscreen)
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- [Magit auto-complete](#magit-auto-complete)
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- [Magit SVN plugin](#magit-svn-plugin)
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- [Git gutter](#git-gutter)
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- [Git](#git)
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- [Working with Git](#working-with-git)
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- [Magit](#magit)
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- [Quick guide for recurring use cases in Magit](#quick-guide-for-recurring-use-cases-in-magit)
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- [Git time machine](#git-time-machine)
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- [Git gutter](#git-gutter)
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- [Github support](#github-support)
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- [magit-gh-pulls](#magit-gh-pulls)
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- [gist.el](#gistel)
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- [github-browse-file](#github-browse-file)
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<!-- markdown-toc end -->
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## Description
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This layers adds extensive support for [git][].
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Features:
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- git repository management the indispensable [magit][] package
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- [git-flow][] add-on for magit.
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- quick in buffer history browsing with [git-timemachine][]
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- quick in buffer last commit message per line with [git-messenger][]
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- colorize buffer line by age of commit with [smeargle][]
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- git gutter in fringe with [git-gutter][]
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This layer also provides support for Github with:
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- [magit-gh-pulls][]: handy `magit` add-on to manage Github pull requests.
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- [gist.el][]: full-featured mode to browse and post Githug gists.
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New to Magit? Checkout the [official intro][].
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## Install
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### Layer
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To use this contribution add it to your `~/.spacemacs`
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```elisp
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(setq-default dotspacemacs-configuration-layers '(git))
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```
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### Github support
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To enable the Github support set the variable `git-enable-github-support`
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to `t` in your `dotspacemacs/init` function.
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```elisp
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(defun dotspacemacs/init ()
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(setq-default git-enable-github-support t)
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)
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```
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### Magit status fullscreen
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To display the `magit status` buffer in fullscreen set the variable
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`git-magit-status-fullscreen` to `t` in your `dotspacemacs/init` function.
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```elisp
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(defun dotspacemacs/init ()
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(setq-default git-magit-status-fullscreen t)
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)
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```
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### Magit auto-complete
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Magit auto-complete feature is enabled. For this feature to work best you
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have to setup your Git repository directory in your `dotspacemacs/config`
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function, this is the folder where you keep all your git-controlled projects
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(the path should end up with a `/` to respect Emacs conventions):
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```elisp
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(setq magit-repo-dirs '("~/repos/"))
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```
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For more information, see [Magit-User-Manual#Status][]
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### Magit SVN plugin
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For convenience the magit SVN plugin can be activated directly in the Git
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layer by setting the variable `git-enable-magit-svn-plugin` to `t`.
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```elisp
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(defun dotspacemacs/init ()
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(setq-default git-enable-magit-svn-plugin t)
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)
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```
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### Git gutter
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In graphical environment `Spacemacs` will display [git-gutter][] icons in
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the fringe by default.
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It is possible to disable the usage of the fringe by setting the variable
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`git-gutter-use-fringe` to `nil` in the `dotspacemacs/init` function:
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```elisp
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(defun dotspacemacs/init ()
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(setq-default git-gutter-use-fringe nil)
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)
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```
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### Git
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Of course if your OS does not ship with git (!) you'll have to install it
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on your machine, [download page][].
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## Working with Git
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Git commands (start with `g`):
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Key Binding | Description
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<kbd>SPC g b</kbd> | open a `magit` blame
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<kbd>SPC g C</kbd> | commit changes
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<kbd>SPC g h c</kbd> | clear highlights
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<kbd>SPC g h h</kbd> | highlight regions by age of commits
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<kbd>SPC g h t</kbd> | highlight regions by last updated time
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<kbd>SPC g l</kbd> | open a `magit` log
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<kbd>SPC g s</kbd> | open a `magit` status window
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<kbd>SPC g m</kbd> | display the last commit message of the current line
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<kbd>SPC g t</kbd> | launch the git time machine
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- Highlight by age of commit or last update time is provided by
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[smeargle][].
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- Git time machine is provided by [git-timemachine][].
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- Git last commit message per line is provided by
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[git-messenger][]
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### Magit
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`Spacemacs` uses [magit][] to manage Git repositories.
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To open a `status buffer`, type in a buffer of a Git repository:
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<SPC> g s
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`hjkl` navigation is enabled in all Magit buffers. The default Magit keys
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on `hjkl` (if they exist) are remapped on `HJKL`.
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Here are the often used bindings inside a `status buffer`:
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Key Binding | Description
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<kbd>/</kbd> | evil-search
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<kbd>$</kbd> | open `command output buffer`
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<kbd>c c</kbd> | open a `commit message buffer`
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<kbd>b b</kbd> | checkout a branch
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<kbd>b c</kbd> | create a branch
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<kbd>b v</kbd> | open the `branch manager buffer`
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<kbd>f f</kbd> | fetch changes
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<kbd>F -r F</kbd> | pull and rebase
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<kbd>h</kbd> | go left
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<kbd>j</kbd> | go down
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<kbd>C-j</kbd | goto next magit section
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<kbd>k</kbd> | go up
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<kbd>K</kbd> | discard changes
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<kbd>C-k</kbd | goto previous magit section
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<kbd>l</kbd> | go right
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<kbd>L l</kbd> | open `log buffer`
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<kbd>n</kbd> | next search occurrence
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<kbd>C-n</kbd | goto next magit section
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<kbd>N</kbd> | previous search occurrence _or_ SVN sub-menu
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<kbd>P P</kbd> | push
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<kbd>C-p</kbd | goto previous magit section
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<kbd>q</kbd> | quit
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<kbd>s</kbd> | on a file or hunk in a diff: stage the file or hunk
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<kbd>+</kbd> | on a hunk: increase hunk size
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<kbd>-</kbd> | on a hunk: decrease hunk size
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<kbd>S</kbd> | stage all
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<kbd>TAB</kbd> | on a file: expand/collapse diff
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<kbd>u</kbd> | on a staged file: unstage
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<kbd>U</kbd> | unstage all staged files
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<kbd>v</kbd> | `visual state`
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<kbd>V</kbd> | `visual-line state`
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<kbd>C-v</kbd> | revert item at point
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<kbd>z z</kbd> | stash changes
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In a commit message buffer press `C-c C-c` to commit the changes with the
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entered message. `C-c C-k` will discard the commit message.
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**Note:** Sometimes you will be asked about reverting the commit buffer,
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you can answer `y` with no issue.
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### Quick guide for recurring use cases in Magit
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- Amend a commit:
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- `L l` to open `log buffer`
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- `c a` on the commit you want to amend
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- `C-c C-c` to submit the changes
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- Squash last commit:
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- `L l` to open `log buffer`
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- `E` on the second to last commit, it opens the `rebase buffer`
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- `j` to put point on last commit
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- `s` to squash it
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- `C-c C-c` to continue to the `commit message buffer`
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- `C-c C-c` again when you have finished to edit the commit message
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- Force push a squashed commit:
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- in the `status buffer` you should see the new commit unpushed and the
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old commit unpulled
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- `P -f P` for force a push (**beware** usually it is not recommended to
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rewrite the history of a public repository, but if you are *sure* that you
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are the only one to work on a repository it is ok - i.e. in your fork).
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- Add upstream remote (the parent repository you have forked):
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- `b v` to open the `branch manager buffer`
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- `a` to add a remote, type the name (i.e. `upstream`) and the URL
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- Pull changes from upstream (the parent repository you have forked) and push:
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- `F -r C-u F` and choose `upstream` or the name you gave to it
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- `P P` to push the commit to `origin`
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### Git time machine
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[git-timemachine] allows to quickly browse the commits of the current buffer.
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Key Binding | Description
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<kbd>SPC g t</kbd> | start git timemachine and initiate micro-state
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<kbd>c</kbd> | show current commit
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<kbd>n</kbd> | show next commit
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<kbd>N</kbd> | show previous commit
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<kbd>p</kbd> | show previous commit
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<kbd>q</kbd> | leave micro-state and git timemachine
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<kbd>Y</kbd> | copy current commit hash
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### Git gutter
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With [git-gutter][] it is possible to navigate between hunks, stage them and
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revert them.
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Git gutter hunks commands start with `gh`:
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Key Binding | Description
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<kbd>SPC g h n</kbd> | next hunk in buffer
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<kbd>SPC g h N</kbd> | previous hunk in buffer
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<kbd>SPC g h r</kbd> | revert current hunk
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<kbd>SPC g h s</kbd> | stage current hunk
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`Spacemacs` has custom fringe bitmaps for [git-gutter-fringe][git-gutter]:
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Symbol | Description
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:-------------------------------:|-----------------
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 | new line
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 | at least one line has been deleted
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 | modified line
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## Github support
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### magit-gh-pulls
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In a `magit status` buffer (<kbd>SPC g s</kbd>):
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Key Binding | Description
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<kbd># g g</kbd> | get a list of all PRs in the current repository
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<kbd># g f</kbd> | fetch the commits associated to the current PR
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<kbd># g b</kbd> | create a branch for the current PR
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<kbd># g m</kbd> | merge the PR with current branch
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Note that `magit-gh-pulls` will try to fast-forward the PRs whenever it is
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possible.
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### gist.el
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Key Binding | Description
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<kbd>SPC g g b</kbd> | create a public gist with the buffer content
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<kbd>SPC g g B</kbd> | create a private gist with the buffer content
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<kbd>SPC g g l</kbd> | open the gist list buffer
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<kbd>SPC g g r</kbd> | create a public gist with the region content
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<kbd>SPC g g R</kbd> | create a private gist with the region content
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In the gist list buffer:
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Key Binding | Description
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<kbd>/</kbd> | evil search
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<kbd>+</kbd> | add buffer to gist
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<kbd>-</kbd> | remove file for gist
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<kbd>b</kbd> or <kbd>o</kbd> | open current gist in browser
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<kbd>f</kbd> | fetch current gist
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<kbd>g</kbd> | refresh the list
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<kbd>h</kbd> | go left
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<kbd>j</kbd> | go down
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<kbd>k</kbd> | go up
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<kbd>K</kbd> | kill current gist
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<kbd>l</kbd> | go right
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<kbd>n</kbd> | next search occurrence
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<kbd>N</kbd> | next previous occurrence
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<kbd>v</kbd> | `visual state`
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<kbd>V</kbd> | `visual-line state`
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<kbd>y</kbd> | print URL and copy it
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### github-browse-file
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Key Binding | Description
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<kbd>SPC g f b</kbd> | browse to file on github
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[git]: http://git-scm.com/
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[download page]: http://git-scm.com/downloads
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[git-gutter]: https://github.com/syohex/emacs-git-gutter-fringe
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[magit]: http://magit.github.io/
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[official intro]: https://magit.github.io/master/magit.html#Introduction
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[Magit-User-Manual#Status]: https://magit.github.io/master/magit.html#Status
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[git-flow]: https://github.com/jtatarik/magit-gitflow
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[smeargle]: https://github.com/syohex/emacs-smeargle
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[git-timemachine]: https://github.com/pidu/git-timemachine
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[git-messenger]: https://github.com/syohex/emacs-git-messenger
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[magit-gh-pulls]: https://github.com/sigma/magit-gh-pulls
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[gist.el]: https://github.com/defunkt/gist.el
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