83 KiB
Spacemacs Documentation
Table of Contents
- Spacemacs Documentation
- Philosophy
- Goals
- Screenshots
- Who can benefit from this ?
- Configuration layers
- Dotfile Configuration
- Using the package list buffer
- Main principles
- Differences between Vim, Evil and Spacemacs
- Evil plugins
- Color theme
- UI elements
- Font
- Commands
- Reserved prefix command for user
- Escaping
- Executing Vim, Emacs and shell commands
- Navigating
- Searching
- Editing
- Project management
- Registers
- Errors handling
- Compiling
- Modes
- Emacs Server
- Tips
- Achievements
- Thank you
Philosophy
Three core pillars: Easy, Consistency, "Crowd-Configured".
Easy
Spacemacs
organizes key bindings by mnemonic namespaces. If you are looking
for commands to operate on your buffer, they are right under SPC b,
if you want to operate on your project, then it is SPC p, etc...
Spacemacs
comes with a dedicated major mode spacemacs-mode
. Its goal is to
give useful feedbacks and perform maintenance tasks easily.
Consistency
Similar functionalities should have the same key binding. For instance if you are
looking for the definition of a function, the binding is SPC m g,
m
for major mode
and g
for go to
. And no matter what is the major mode it
should be the same binding.
Crowd-Configured
This term does not really exist but I'm sure you know what it means.
This is the most powerful feature of Spacemacs
. Anybody can submit upstream
his or her configuration layer and anybody can use it in a second by adding it
in a dotfile and by optionally filtering it (ie. removing unwanted packages).
So by cloning this repository you have a centralized place of configured
packages tuned by expert in their domain. And most importantly it should be
consistent with the whole experience provided by Spacemacs
.
If some packages are missing from core Spacemacs
but they are present in
several contribution layers, chances are that they should be in core and we
can easily move them there.
If any of this core pillars are violated open an issue and we'll try to fix this.
Goals
-
Bring the power of modal editing to the powerful Emacs editing platform.
-
Integrate nicely with
Evil
states (Vim
modes):Spacemacs
tries to keep your fingers on the home row as much as possible, no matter the mode you are in. -
Crowed-configured: Contribute your own personal layer upstream and everybody can use it.
-
Minimalistic and nice UI, keep your available screen space for what matters: your text files.
-
Mnemonic and consistent key bindings which should be easier to learn and remember.
-
Fast boot time.
-
Lower the risk of RSI.
-
Hopefully, if it's not already the case:
Ɛ>Ɛ>Ɛ> make you love modal editing! <3<3<3
Screenshots
Note: Even though screenshots are updated frequently, Spacemacs
is evolving
quickly and the screenshots may not reflect exactly the current state of the
project.
Who can benefit from this ?
Spacemacs
is first intended to be used by Vim users who want to go to the
next level by using Emacs.
It is also a good fit for people wanting to lower the risk of RSI induced by the default Emacs key bindings.
Emacs users wanting to learn a different way to edit files or wanting to learn Vim key bindings (see Tips for Emacs users).
As a side note, if you are a programmer and you don't know Vim key bindings yet, I deeply recommend you to learn the basics as recommended in Sacha Chua's one-page guide about how to learn Emacs.
Configuration layers
This part of Spacemacs is still in beta, the structure can change over time. Refer to commit messages for more information in case of big changes.
Structure
Configuration is organized in layers. Each layer has the following structure:
[layer_name]
|__ [extensions]
| |__ [mode 1]
| | ...
| |__ [mode n]
|__ config.el
|__ extensions.el
|__ funcs.el
|__ keybindings.el
|__ packages.el
[] = directory
Where:
File | Usage
------------------|----------------------------------------------------------- config.el | Emacs built-in configuration or mandatory configuration extensions.el | The list of extensions to load and the functions to initialize them funcs.el | Various functions and macros (often used in keybindings.el) keybindings.el | Emacs built-in key bindings or mandatory key bindings packages.el | The list of packages to install and the functions to initialize them
Packages
are ELPA
packages which can be installed from an ELPA
compliant
repository, and Extensions
are generally elisp code from git submodules.
Extensions and Packages
Declaration
Extensions
and Packages
are declared in variables <layer>-pre-extensions
,
<layer>-post-extensions
and <layer>-packages
where <layer>
is the layer
name. Pre-Extensions
are loaded before Packages
and Post-Extensions
are
loaded after Packages
.
They are processed in alphabetical order so sometimes you'll have to use
some eval-after-load
black magic.
Example:
(defvar <layer>-packages
'(
package1
package2
)
Initialization
To initialize an extension or a package xxx
, define a function with this
format in extensions.el
or packages.el
:
(defun <layer>/init-xxx ()
...body
)
It is common to define the body with the use-package macro.
Exclusion
It is possible to exclude some packages from Spacemacs
in a per layer basis.
This is useful when a configuration layer aims to replace a stock package
declared in the Spacemacs
layer.
To do so add the package names to exclude to the variable
<layer>-excluded-packages
.
Example:
(defvar <layer>-excluded-packages
'(
package1
)
Packages synchronization (Vundle like feature)
Spacemacs
features a synchronization engine for the ELPA packages. It means
that Spacemacs
will auto-install the new packages in <layer>-packages
lists
and auto-delete orphan packages in your elpa
directory.
It effectively makes Spacemacs
to behave like Vundle.
Types of configuration layers
There are three types of configuration layers:
- core (this is the
Spacemacs
layer) - private (in the
private
directory, they are ignored by Git) - contrib (in the
contrib
directory, those layers are contributions shared by the community and merged upstream).
Submitting a configuration layer upstream
If you decide to provide a contrib
configuration layer, please check
the contribution guidelines in CONTRIBUTE.md.
Example: Themes Megapack example
This is a simple contrib
configuration layer listing a bunch of themes,
you can find it here.
To install it, just add themes-megapack
to your ~/.spacemacs
like so:
dotspacemacs-configuration-layers '(themes-megapack)
You have now installed around 100 themes you are free to try with SPC T h (helm-themes).
Managing private configuration layers
Spacemacs
configuration system is flexible enough to let you manage your
private layers in different ways.
Using the private directory
Everything in the private directory is ignored by Git so it is a good place to store private layers. There is a huge drawback to this approach though: your layers are not source controlled.
Using an external Git repository
This is the recommended way to manage your private layers.
The best approach is to store all your private layers into an external Git
repository. It is especially a good practice to store them in your dotfiles
repository if you have one. Put also your ~/.spacemacs
file in it.
Then you are free to symlink your layers into ~/emacs.d/private
or let
them anywhere you want and reference the parent directory in the variable
dotspacemacs-configuration-layer-path
of your ~/.spacemacs
.
Note that you could also have a dedicated repository for all your private
layers and then directly clone this repository in ~/.emacs.d/private
.
Using a personal branch
The final main way to manage your private layers is to push them in a personal
branch that you keep up to date with upstream master
or develop
.
Dotfile Configuration
User configuration can be stored in your ~/.spacemacs
file.
Installation
~/.spacemacs
is an optional file. If you want to use it you have to copy it
manually from the template file ~/.emacs.d/core/templates/.spacemacs.template
$ cp ~/.emacs.d/core/templates/.spacemacs.template ~/.spacemacs
Content
Using configuration layers
To use a configuration layer, add it to the dotspacemacs-configuration-layers
variable of your ~/.spacemacs
.
For instance to add the configuration layer of RMS:
(setq-default dotspacemacs-configuration-layers '(rms))
If this layer does not exist you can still try another one in
the contrib
directory.
Configuration layers are expected to be stored in ~/.emacs.d/private
or
~/.emacs.d/contrib
. But you are free to keep them somewhere else by declaring
additional paths where Spacemacs
can look for configuration layers.
This is done by setting the list
dotspacemacs-configuration-layer-path
in your ~/.spacemacs
:
(setq-default dotspacemacs-configuration-layer-path '("~/.myconfig/"))
Excluding packages
You can exclude packages you don't want to install with the variable
dotspacemacs-excluded-packages
, this variable can exclude both packages and
extensions (see Configuration layers for more info
on packages and extensions).
For instance to disable the rainbow-delimiters
package:
(setq-default dotspacemacs-excluded-packages '(rainbow-delimiters))
When you exclude a package, Spacemacs
will automatically delete it for you
the next time you launch Emacs. All the orphan dependencies are as well
delete automatically.
Hooks
Two special functions of the ~/.spacemacs
file can be used to perform
configuration at the beginning and end of Spacemacs
loading process.
dotspacemacs/init
is triggered at the very beginning ofSpacemacs
loading.dotspacemacs/config
is triggered at the very end ofSpacemacs
loading.
Custom variables
Custom variables configuration from M-x customize-group
which are
automatically saved by Emacs are stored at the end of your ~/.spacemacs
file.
Using the package list buffer
The package list buffer is where you can selectively update one or all packages installed in your configuration as well as browse for all available packages in the different Elpa repositories.
Spacemacs
replaces the default package list buffer with Paradox.
Paradox enhances the package list buffer with better feedbacks, new
filters and Github information like the number of stars. Optionally you
can also star packages directly in the buffer.
Important Note Don't install new packages from the package list
buffer. If those packages are not referenced in a configuration layer
then Spacemacs
will treat them as orphans during the next start of
Emacs and they will be deleted.
Key Binding | Description
---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------
/ | evil-search
f k | filter by keywords
f r | filter by regexp
f u | display only installed package with updates available
h | go left
H | show help (not accurate)
j | go down
k | go up
l | go right
L | show last commits
n | next search occurrence
N | previous search occurrence
o | open package homepage
r | refresh
S P | sort by package name
S S | sort by status (installed, available, etc...)
S * | sort by Github stars
v | visual state
V | visual-line state
x | execute (action flags)
Update all the packages
To update all the buffers:
- open paradox: SPC a P
- filter packages (optional): f u
- update all: U x y
When asked for old packages deletion hit y
.
Main principles
Evil
Spacemacs
uses the evil mode to emulate Vim key bindings. It is a
very complete emulation, maybe the most advanced. In fact, Evil is much more
than just a Vim emulation. It has more states than Vim for instance.
States
Spacemacs
has 8 states:
- Normal (orange) - like the
normal mode of Vim
, used to execute and combine commands - Insert (green) - like the
insert mode of Vim
, used to actually insert text - Visual (gray) - like the
visual mode of Vim
, used to make text selection - Motion (purple) - exclusive to
Evil
, used to navigate read only buffers - Emacs (blue) - exclusive to
Evil
, using this state is like using a regular Emacs without Vim - Lisp (pink) - exclusive to
Spacemacs
, used to navigate Lisp code and modify it (see Editing Lisp code) - Iedit (red) - exclusive to
Spacemacs
, used to navigate between multiple regions of text usingiedit
(see Replacing text with iedit) - Iedit Insert (red) - exclusive to
Spacemacs
, used to replace multiple regions of text usingiedit
(see Replacing text with iedit)
Note: Technically speaking there are also the operator
and replace
evil
states.
Evil leader
Spacemacs
heavily uses the evil-leader mode which brings the
Vim leader key to the Emacs world.
This leader key is commonly set to ,
by Vim users, in Spacemacs
the leader
key is set on SPC (space bar, this is why the name spacemacs
).
This key is the most accessible key on a keyboard and it is pressed with the
thumb which is a good choice to lower the risk of RSI.
So with Spacemacs
there is no need to remap your keyboard modifiers to
attempt to reduce the risk of RSI, every command can be executed very easily
while you are in normal
mode by pressing the SPC leader key,
here are a few examples:
- Save a buffer: SPC f s
- Save all opened buffers: SPC f S
- Open (switch) to a buffer with
helm
: SPC b s
Universal argument
The universal argument C-u
is an important command in Emacs but it is also
a very handy Vim key binding to scroll up.
Spacemacs
binds C-u to scroll-up
and change the universal
argument binding to SPC u.
Micro-states
Spacemacs
defines a wide variety of micro-states
(temporary overlay maps)
where it makes sense. This prevent from repetitive and tedious presses on the
SPC key.
When a micro-state
is active, a documentation is displayed in the minibuffer.
Additional information may as well be displayed in the minibuffer.
Auto-highlight-symbol micro-state:
Differences between Vim, Evil and Spacemacs
No doubt that Evil
is one of the most advanced Vim
emulation and you should
not see big difference between Vim
and Emacs
. I did not find any command I
used in Vim that I missed in Emacs with Evil
.
Send a PR to add the differences you found in this section.
The vim-surround case
There is one obvious visible difference though. It is not between Evil
and
Vim
but between Spacemacs
and vim-surround: the surround
command is
on S in vim-surround
whereas it is on s in Spacemacs
.
This is something that can surprise some Vim users so let me explain why this is the case:
s
andc
do the same thing invisual state
,s
is only useful to delete one character and add more than one character which is a very narrow use case,c
accept motions and can do everythings
can do innormal state
,- this is also true for
r
butr
is more useful because it stays innormal state
. surround
command is just a more powerful command thats
If you are not convinced, then here is the snippet to revert back to the default
Vim + vim-surround
setup (add it to your dotspacemacs/config
function or
your ~/.spacemacs
):
(evil-define-key 'visual evil-surround-mode-map "s" 'evil-substitute)
(evil-define-key 'visual evil-surround-mode-map "S" 'evil-surround-region)
Evil plugins
Spacemacs
ships with the following evil plugins:
Mode | Description
----------------------------------------|--------------------------------------
evil-leader | vim leader that bring a new layer of keys in normal mode
evil-indent-textobject | add text object based on indentation level
evil-visualstar | search for current selection with *
evil-exchange | port of vim-exchange
evil-surround | port of vim-surround
evil-nerd-commenter | port of nerdcommenter
[evil-search-highlight-persist][] | emulation of hlsearch behavior
evil-numbers | like C-a/C-x in vim
evil-args | motions and text objects for arguments
evil-jumper | jump list emulation
NeoTree | mimic NERD Tree
Color theme
By default, Spacemacs
uses the theme solarized-light.
It is possible to define your default theme in your ~/.spacemacs
with
the variable dotspacemacs-default-theme
. For instance, to specify zenburn
:
(setq-default
;; Default theme applied at startup
dotspacemacs-default-theme 'zenburn)
Some themes are supported by Spacemacs
:
It is possible to set any other themes but their compatibility with Spacemacs
is not guaranteed (i.e. there may be some missing faces etc...).
Key Binding | Description
---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------
SPC T n | switch to next theme supported by Spacemacs
.
SPC h t | select a theme using a helm
buffer.
Note: Due to the inner working of themes in Emacs, switching theme during the same session may have some weird side effects. Although these side effects should be pretty rare (especially when switching to a supported theme).
Hint If you are an Org
user, leuven-theme is amazing.
UI elements
Spacemacs
has a minimalistic and distraction free UI with a lot of subtle
customization which make it unique compared to other kits:
- beautiful custom powerline mode-line with color feedback according to current Flycheck status
- unicode symbols for minor mode lighters which appear in the mode-line
- custom fringe bitmaps and error feedbacks for Flycheck
- custom fringe bitmaps for [git gutter][]
- dedicated startup page with a mode aimed at easily managing
Spacemacs
Toggles
Some UI indicators can be toggled on and off (toggles start with t
):
Key Binding | Description
----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------ SPC t 8 | display a mark on the 80th column SPC t F | toggle frame fullscreen SPC t f | toggle display of the fringe SPC t i | toggle aggressive indent SPC t l | toggle truncate lines SPC t L | toggle visual lines SPC t M | toggle frame maximize SPC t n | show the absolute line numbers SPC t t | toggle frame transparency
Mode-line
The mode line is an heavily customized powerline with the following capabilities:
- show the window number
- color code for current state
- show the number of search occurrences via anzu
- toggle flycheck info
- toggle battery info
- toggle minor mode lighters
Reminder of the color codes for the states:
Evil State | Color |
---|---|
Normal | Orange |
Insert | Green |
Visual | Grey |
Emacs | Blue |
Motion | Purple |
Lisp | Pink |
Iedit/Iedit-Insert | Red |
Some elements can be dynamically toggled:
Key Binding | Description
-----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------ SPC t m m | toggle the minor mode lighters SPC t m b | toggle the battery status SPC t m f | toggle the flycheck info SPC t m v | toggle the new version lighter
Flycheck integration
When Flycheck minor mode is enabled, a new element appears showing the number of errors, warnings and info.
Anzu integration
Anzu shows the number of occurrence when performing a search. Spacemacs
integrates nicely the Anzu status by displaying it temporarily when n
or N
are
being pressed. See the 5/6
segment on the screenshot below.
Battery status integration
fancy-battery displays the percentage of total charge of the battery as well as the time remaining to charge or discharge completely the battery.
A color code is used for the battery status:
Battery State | Color |
---|---|
Charging | Green |
Discharging | Orange |
Critical | Red |
Note the these colors may vary depending on your theme.
Powerline separators
It is possible to easily customize the powerline separator
by setting the
powerline-default-separator
variable in your ~./spacemacs
. For instance
if you want to set back the separator to the well-known arrow
separator
add the following snippet to your configuration file:
(defun dotspacemacs/config ()
"This is were you can ultimately override default Spacemacs configuration.
This function is called at the very end of Spacemacs initialization."
(setq powerline-default-separator 'arrow)
)
To save you the time to try all the possible separators provided by the powerline, here is an exhaustive set of screenshots:
Separator | Screenshot
------------------|------------------------------------------------------------
alternate
|
arrow
|
arrow-fade
|
bar
|
box
|
brace
|
butt
|
chamfer
|
contour
|
curve
|
rounded
|
roundstub
|
slant
|
wave
|
zigzag
|
nil
|
Minor Modes
Spacemacs
uses diminish mode to reduce the size of minor mode
indicators:
The minor mode area can be toggled on and off with:
<SPC> t m m
Unicode symbols are displayed by default. Setting the variable
dotspacemacs-mode-line-unicode-symbols
to nil
in your ~/.spacemacs
will
display ASCII characters instead (may be useful in terminal).
Unicode | ASCII | Mode |
---|---|---|
⊞ |
G | golden-ratio mode |
Ⓐ |
A | auto-complete mode |
Ⓒ |
C | centered-cursor mode |
Ⓔ |
E | evil-org mode |
Ⓕ |
F | flycheck mode |
Ⓚ |
K | guide-key mode |
Ⓘ |
I | aggressive indent mode |
(Ⓟ) |
(P) | paredit mode |
Ⓢ |
S | flyspell mode |
(Ⓢ) |
(S) | smartparens mode |
Ⓦ |
W | whitespace mode |
Ⓨ |
Y | yasnippet mode |
Font
The default font used by Spacemacs
is source code pro by Adobe. It is
recommended to install it on your system.
Basic font support is provided in Spacemacs
, you can change the font and
its size using the function spacemacs/set-font
in the dotspacemacs/config
function of your ~/.spacemacs
.
(defun dotspacemacs/config ()
(spacemacs/set-font "DejaVu Sans Mono" 10)
)
Commands
Every sequences must be performed in normal
mode.
Reserved prefix command for user
SPC o is reserved for the user. Setting key bindings behind <SPC> o
is guaranteed to never conflict with Spacemacs
defaults key bindings.
Escaping
Spacemacs
uses evil-escape to easily switch between insert state
and
normal state
with the key chord fd
.
The choice of fd
was made to be able to use the same sequence to escape from
"everything" in Emacs:
- escape from all evil states to normal state
- escape from evil-lisp-state to normal state
- abort evil ex command
- quit minibuffer
- abort isearch
- quit magit buffers
- quit help buffers
- quit apropos buffers
- quit ert buffers
- quit undo-tree buffer
- quit paradox
- quit gist-list menu
- hide neotree buffer
This sequence can be customized in your ~/.spacemacs
, but evil-escape
is not guaranteed to work properly with sequences based on h j k or l
so
it is recommended to avoid defining sequences like jj
or jk
.
Example to set it to jn
(it is important to put it in dotspacemacs/init
):
(defun dotspacemacs/init ()
(setq-default evil-escape-key-sequence (kbd "jn"))
)
Executing Vim, Emacs and shell commands
Command | Key Binding
:---------------:|------------------------------------------------------------------
Vim (ex-command) | :
Emacs (M-x) | SPC :
Shell | SPC ! or just !
The command key :
can be easily changed with the variable
dotspacemacs-command-key
of your ~/.spacemacs
. Note that is will change both
:
and SPC :
bindings to keep the symmetry between Vim and Emacs. A good
key can be ,
for example.
Navigating
Point/Cursor
Navigation is performed using the Vi key bindings hjkl
.
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
h |
move cursor left |
j |
move cursor down |
k |
move cursor up |
l |
move cursor right |
H |
move quickly up (10 lines at a time) |
L |
move quickly down (10 lines at a time) |
SPC j h | go to the beginning of line (and set a mark at the previous location in the line) |
SPC j l | go to the end of line (and set a mark at the previous location in the line) |
SPC z z | lock the cursor at the center of the screen |
Smooth scrolling
smooth-scrolling prevent the point to jump when it reaches the top or bottom of the screen. It is enabled by default.
On Windows, you may want to disable it. To disable the smooth scrolling set
the dotspacemacs-smooth-scrolling
variable in your ~/.spacemacs
to nil
:
(setq-default dotspacemacs-smooth-scrolling t)
Experimental insert state feature
If dotspacemacs-feature-toggle-leader-on-jk
is non nil, pressing jk
while
in insert state
will trigger the evil leader as if you pressed SPC in
normal mode.
Vim motions with ace-jump mode
Spacemacs
uses the evil
integration of ace-jump mode which
enables the invocation of ace-jump-mode
during motions.
It is useful for deleting visually a set of lines, try the following sequence in a buffer containing some text:
d <SPC> l
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
SPC SPC | initiate ace jump word mode |
SPC l | initiate ace jump line mode |
SPC ` | go back to the previous location (before the jump) |
Hint: you may change to char mode by C-c C-c
in word mode.
Window manipulation
Every window has a number displayed at the start of the mode-line and can
be quickly accessed using <SPC> number
.
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
SPC 1 | go to first window |
SPC 2 | go to window number 2 |
SPC 3 | go to window number 3 |
SPC 4 | go to window number 4 |
SPC 5 | go to window number 5 |
SPC 6 | go to window number 6 |
SPC 7 | go to window number 7 |
SPC 8 | go to window number 8 |
SPC 9 | go to window number 9 |
SPC 0 | go to window number 10 |
Windows manipulation commands (start with w
):
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
SPC w c | close a window |
SPC w d | toggle window dedication (dedicated window cannot be reused by a mode) |
SPC w H | move window to the left |
SPC w J | move window to the bottom |
SPC w K | move window to the top |
SPC w L | move window to the right |
SPC w m | maximize/minimize a window |
SPC w M | maximize/minimize a window, when maximized the buffer is centered |
SPC w o | cycle and focus between frames |
SPC w p m | open messages buffer in a popup window |
SPC w p p | close the current sticky popup window |
SPC w r | initiate window size micro-state |
SPC w R | rotate windows clockwise |
SPC w s or SPC w / | horizontal split |
SPC w S | horizontal split and focus new window |
SPC w u | undo window layout (used to effectively undo a closed window) |
SPC w U | redo window layout |
SPC w v or SPC w - | vertical split |
SPC w V | vertical split and focus new window |
SPC w w | cycle and focus between windows |
Resizing windows
Spacemacs
defines a micro-state to resize windows.
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
SPC w S | initiate micro-state |
H | shrink window horizontally |
J | shrink window vertically |
K | enlarge window vertically |
L | enlarge window horizontally |
Any other key | leave the micro-state |
The micro-state text in minibuffer display the following information:
[WidthxHeight] Resize window: (H/L) shrink/enlarge horizontally, (J/K) shrink/enlarge vertically
Reposition window
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
z f | Make current function or comments visible |
z f
tries to accommodate current function or comments into window as much as possible.
Golden ratio
If you resize windows like crazy you may want to give a try to golden-ratio.
golden-ratio
resizes windows dynamically depending on whether they are
selected or not. By default golden-ratio
is off.
The mode can be toggled on and off with:
<SPC> t g
Buffers and Files
Spacemacs
uses ido
for opening files since ido
way to navigate
the file system is better than helm
in my opinion (especially because ido
can
remember the last selected directories and buffers, maybe helm can do this ?).
ido
is also used to kill buffers.
Buffer manipulation commands (start with b
):
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
SPC b b or SPC TAB | switch to alternate buffer (switch back and forth) |
SPC b e | erase the content of the buffer (ask for confirmation) |
SPC b k | kill the current buffer |
SPC b K | kill all buffers except the current one |
SPC b C-K | kill all buffers matching the regexp |
SPC b m h | move a buffer to the left |
SPC b m j | move a buffer to the bottom |
SPC b m k | move a buffer to the top |
SPC b m l | move a buffer to the right |
SPC b n | switch to next buffer |
SPC b p | switch to previous buffer |
SPC b r | rename the current buffer |
SPC b R | revert the current buffer (reload from disk) |
SPC b s | switch to a buffer using helm |
SPC b w | toggle read-only (writable state) |
Files manipulation commands (start with f
):
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
SPC f d | delete a file and the associated buffer (ask for confirmation) |
SPC f f | open a file using ido |
SPC f o | open a file using the default external program |
SPC f s | save a file |
SPC f S | save all files |
SPC f r | open a recent file with helm |
SPC f t | toggle file tree side bar using NeoTree |
SPC f y | show current file absolute path in the minibuffer |
Emacs and Spacemacs files
Convenient key bindings are located under the prefix SPC f e to
quickly navigate between Emacs
and Spacemacs
specific files.
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
SPC f e c | open ido in the contrib folder |
SPC f e d | open the spacemacs dotfile (~/.spacemacs ) |
SPC f e h | discover Spacemacs layers and packages using helm |
SPC f e i | open the all mighty init.el |
SPC f e s | open ido in the spacemacs layer folder |
Ido
Spacemacs
displays the ido
minibuffer vertically thanks to the
ido-vertical-mode.
Basic ido
operations can be done with Ctrl
key:
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
C-<return> | open a dired buffer |
M-<return> | open a dired buffer in terminal |
C-b | open selected file in a horizontally split window |
C-d | delete selected file (ask for confirmation) |
C-h | go to parent directory |
C-j | select next file or directory |
C-S-j | go to next directory |
C-k | select previous file or directory |
C-S-k | go to previous directory |
C-l | open the selected file |
C-n | next history element |
C-p | previous history element |
C-t | open selected file in a new frame |
C-v | open selected file in a vertically split window |
C-o | open selected file in other window |
Experimental Ido feature
If dotspacemacs-feature-toggle-leader-on-jk
is non nil, pressing jk
while
in ido
minibuffer will trigger the evil leader.
When evil leader is triggered the following commands are available:
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
b | open selected file in a horizontally split window |
t | open selected file in a new frame |
v | open selected file in a vertically split window |
x | open selected file in other window |
NeoTree file tree
Spacemacs
provides a quick and simple way to navigate in an unknown project
file tree with NeoTree.
To toggle the NeoTree
buffer press:
<SPC> f t
The NeoTree window always has the number 0
so it does not shift the current
number of the other windows. To select the NeoTree window you then use
SPC 0.
NeoTree navigation
Navigation is centered on the hjkl
with the hope to provide a fast navigation
experience like in [ranger][]:
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
h | collapse expanded directory or go to parent node |
H | previous sibling |
j | next file or directory |
J | next expanded directory on level down |
k | previous file or directory |
K | parent directory, when reaching the root change it to parent directory |
l or RET | expand directory |
L | next sibling |
Note: The point is automatically set to the first letter of a node for a smoother experience.
Opening files with NeoTree
By default a file is opened in the last active window. It is possible to choose window number where to open a file by using a numeric argument, for instance 2 l or 2 RET will open the current file in the windows 2. It is also possible to open the file in a split window with | and -:
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
l or RET | open file in last active window |
# l or 2 RET | open file in window number # |
- | open file in an horizontally split window |
Other NeoTree key bindings
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
TAB | toggle stretching of the buffer |
c | create a node |
d | delete a node |
g | refresh |
s | toggle showing of hidden files |
q or fd | hide NeoTree buffer |
r | rename a node |
NeoTree mode-line
The mode-line has the following format [x/y] d (D:a, F:b)
where:
x
is the index of the current selected file or directoryy
the total number of items (file and directory) in the current directoryd
the name of the current directorya
the number of directories in the current directoryb
the number of files in the current directory
Shells
Key bindings
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
C-j | next item in history |
C-k | previous item in history |
SPC m h | browse history with helm (works in eshell and shell ) |
Staying in insert state
Navigating in shell buffers can be tricky because it is not possible to use the
leader in insert state
. Switching back and forth between normal and insert
states can be tedious.
There are two solutions for this:
- use C-o then use the leader key
- enable the leader on
jk
experimental feature.
Bookmarks
Bookmarks can be set anywhere in a file. Bookmarks are persistent. They are very
useful to jump to/open a known project. Spacemacs
used helm-bookmarks
to
manage them.
Open an helm
window with the current bookmarks by pressing:
<SPC> h b
Then in the helm-bookmarks
buffer:
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
CTRL+d | delete the selected bookmark |
CTRL+e | edit the selected bookmark |
CTRL+f | toggle filename location |
CTRL+o | open the selected bookmark in another window |
To save a new bookmark, just type the name of the bookmark and press RET
.
Searching
Project Searching
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
SPC / or SPC a | with The Silver Searcher |
SPC A | with ack |
SPC g | with grep |
SPC h l | show last helm popup |
Persistent highlighting
Spacemacs
uses evil-search-highlight-persist
to keep the searched expression
highlighted until the next search. It is also possible to clear the
highlighting by pressing SPC s c or executing the ex command :noh
.
Stacking highlights
With [hl-anything][] it is possible to highlight all occurrences of the word under point. The highlights can be stacked.
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
SPC h c | clear the highlightings |
SPC h g c | clear the highlightings globally (all opened buffers) |
SPC h h | highlight all occurrence of the word at point |
SPC h g h | highlight all occurrence of the word at point globally (all opened buffers) |
SPC h n | next highlighted occurrence |
SPC h N | previous highlighted occurrence |
SPC h p | toggle auto-highlight of the enclosing parenthesis |
SPC h r | restore saved highlights in the current buffer |
SPC h s | save current highlights |
Highlight current symbol
Spacemacs
supports highlighting of the current symbol on demand (provided by
the auto-highlight-symbol mode) and add a micro-state to
easily navigate and rename this symbol.
It is also possible to change the range of the navigation on the fly to:
- buffer
- function
- visible area
To initiate the highlighting of the current symbol under point press SPC s h.
Navigation between the highlighted symbols can be done with the commands:
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
* | initiate navigation micro-state |
SPC s b | go to the last searched occurrence of the last highlighted symbol |
SPC s e | edit all occurrences of the current symbol(*) |
SPC s h | highlight the current symbol and all its occurrence within the current range |
SPC s R | change range to default (whole buffer ) |
In 'Spacemacs' highlight symbol micro-state:
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
e | edit occurrences (*) |
n | go to next occurrence |
N | go to previous occurrence |
d | go to next definition occurrence |
D | go to previous definition occurrence |
r | change range (function , display area , whole buffer ) |
R | go to home occurrence (reset position to starting occurrence) |
Any other key | leave the navigation micro-state |
(*) using iedit or the default implementation of auto-highlight-symbol
The micro-state text in minibuffer display the following information:
<M> [6/11]* press (n/N) to navigate, (e) to edit, (r) to change range or (R) for reset
Where <M> [x/y]*
is:
- M: the current range mode
<B>
: whole buffer range<D>
: current display range<F>
: current function range
x
: the index of the current highlighted occurrencey
: the total number of occurrences*
: appears if there is at least one occurrence which is not currently visible.
Visual Star
With evil-visualstar you can search for the next occurrence of the current selection.
It is pretty useful combined with the expand-region bindings.
Note: If the current state is not the visual state
then pressing *
uses
auto-highlight-symbol and its micro-state.
Listing symbols by semantic
Use helm-semantic-or-imenu
command from Helm
to quickly navigate between
the symbols in a buffer.
To list all the symbols of a buffer press:
<SPC> s l
Helm-swoop
This is very similar to moccur
, it displays a helm
buffer with all the
occurrences of the word under point. You can then change the search query
in real-time and navigate between them easily.
You can even edit the occurrences directly in the helm
buffer and apply
the modifications to the buffer.
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
SPC s s | execute helm-swoop |
SPC s S | execute helm-multi-swoop |
SPC s C-s | execute helm-multi-swoop-all |
Editing
Text manipulation commands
Text related commands (start with x
):
Key Binding | Description
-----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------ SPC x u | set the selected text to lower case SPC x U | set the selected text to upper case SPC x d w | delete trailing whitespaces SPC x g l | set languages used by translate commands SPC x g t | translate current word using Google Translate SPC x g T | reverse source and target languages SPC x m j | move down a line of text SPC x m k | move up a line of text SPC x t c | swap (transpose) the current character with the previous one SPC x t w | swap (transpose) the current word with the previous one SPC x t l | swap (transpose) the current line with the previous one SPC x w c | count the number of words in the selection region SPC x w C | count the number of occurrences per word in the select region
Smartparens Strict mode
Smartparens comes with a strict mode which prevents deletion of parenthesis if the result is unbalanced.
This mode can be frustrating for novices, this is why it is not enabled by default.
It is possible to enable it easily for all programming modes with the
variable dotspacemacs-smartparens-strict-mode
of you ~/.spacemacs
.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-smartparens-strict-mode t)
Zooming
Text
The font size of the current buffer can be adjusted with the commands:
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
SPC z x + | scale up the font and initiate the font scaling micro-state |
SPC z x - | scale down the font and initiate the font scaling micro-state |
SPC z x = | reset the font size (no scaling) and initiate the font scaling micro-state |
+ | increase the font size |
- | decrease the font size |
= | reset the font size |
Any other key | leave the font scaling micro-state |
Note that only the text of the current buffer is scaled, the other buffers,
the mode-line and the minibuffer are not affected. To zoom the whole content of
a frame use the zoom frame
bindings (see next section).
Frame
You can zoom in and out the whole content of the frame with the commands:
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
SPC z f + | zoom in the frame content |
SPC z f - | zoom out the frame content |
SPC z f = | reset the frame content size |
+ | zoom in |
- | zoom out |
= | reset zoom |
Any other key | leave the zoom frame micro-state |
Increase/Decrease numbers
Spacemacs
uses evil-numbers to easily increase or increase numbers.
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
SPC n + | increase the number under point by one and initiate micro-state |
SPC n - | decrease the number under point by one and initiate micro-state |
In micro-state:
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
+ | increase the number under point by one |
- | decrease the number under point by one |
Any other key | leave the micro-state |
Tips: you can increase or decrease a value by more that once by using a
prefix argument (ie. 10 SPC n +
will add 10 to the number under point).
Spell checking
Spell checking commands start with S
:
Key Binding | Description
---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------
SPC S c | list of corrections in a helm
buffer
SPC S d | change dictionary language
SPC S n | go to the next spell check error
Region selection
Vi Visual
modes are all supported by evil
.
Expand-region
Spacemacs
adds another Visual
mode via the expand-region mode.
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
SPC v | initiate expand-region mode then... |
v | expand the region by one semantic unit |
V | contract the region by one semantic unit |
r | reset the region to initial selection |
ESC | leave expand-region mode |
Indent text object
With evil-indent-textobject the following action can be performed in
normal state
:
- ii - Inner Indentation: the surrounding textblock with the same indentation
- ai - Above and Indentation: ii + the line above with a different indentation
- aI - Above and Indentation+: ai + the line below with a different indentation
Example (|
is the point):
(while (not done)
(messa|ge "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy."))
(1+ 41)
- vii will select the line with message
- vai will select the whole while loop
- vaI will select the whole fragment
Region narrowing
The displayed text of a buffer can be narrowed with the commands
(start with n
):
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
SPC n f | narrow the buffer to the current function |
SPC n p | narrow the buffer to the visible page |
SPC n r | narrow the buffer to the selected text |
SPC n w | widen, i.e show the whole buffer again |
Line formatting
Spacemacs
performs go to the line below point and indent it
with
SPC j k.
You may repeat this operation with evil-repeat
if you need to indent many lines.
Line formatting commands start with j
:
Key Binding | Description
---------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------ J | join the current line with the next line SPC j j | same as SPC j k but will split the current line at point SPC J | split a quoted string or s-expression in place SPC j J | split a quoted string or s-expression and auto-indent SPC j k | go to next line and indent it using auto-indent rules
Used together these key bindings are very powerful to quickly reformat the code.
Auto-completion
Spacemacs
uses auto-complete auto-completion engine.
Key Binding | Description
-------------------|------------------------------------------------------------ C-j | select next candidate C-k | select previous candidate TAB | expand selection or select next candidate S-TAB | select previous candidate return | complete word, if word is already completed insert a carriage return
Replacing text with iedit
Spacemacs
uses the powerful iedit mode through evil-iedit-state to
quickly edit multiple occurrences of a symbol or selection.
evil-iedit-state
defines two new evil states:
iedit state
iedit-insert state
The color code for these states is red
.
evil-iedit-state
has also a nice integration with expand-region for quick
edition of the current selected text by pressing e.
iedit states key bindings
State transitions
Key Binding | From | To
-------------------|:------------------:|:-------------------------: SPC s e | normal or visual | iedit e | expand-region | iedit ESC | iedit | normal C-g | iedit | normal fd | iedit | normal ESC | iedit-insert | iedit C-g | iedit-insert | normal fd | iedit-insert | normal
To sum-up, in iedit-insert state
you have to press ESC twice to
go back to the normal state
. You can also at any time press C-g
or fd to return to normal state
.
Note: evil commands which switch to insert state
will switch in
iedit-insert state
.
In iedit state
iedit state
inherits from normal state
, the following key bindings are
specific to iedit state
.
Key Binding | Description
------------------|------------------------------------------------------------
ESC | go back to normal state
TAB | toggle current occurrence
0 | go to the beginning of the current occurrence
$ | go to the end of the current occurrence
# | prefix all occurrences with an increasing number (SPC u to choose the starting number).
A | go to the end of the current occurrence and switch to iedit-insert state
D | delete the occurrences
F | restrict the scope to the function
gg | go to first occurrence
G | go to last occurrence
I | go to the beginning of the current occurrence and switch to iedit-insert state
J | increase the edition scope by one line below
K | increase the edition scope by one line above
L | restrict the scope to the current line
n | go to next occurrence
N | go to previous occurrence
p | replace occurrences with last yanked (copied) text
S | (substitute) delete the occurrences and switch to iedit-insert state
V | toggle visibility of lines with no occurrence
U | Up-case the occurrences
C-U | down-case the occurrences
Note: 0, $, A and I have the default Vim behavior when used outside of an occurrence.
In iedit-insert state
Key Binding | Description
---------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------
ESC | go back to iedit state
C-g | go back to normal state
Examples
- manual selection of several words then replace: v w w SPC s e S "toto" ESC ESC
- append text to a word on two lines: v i w SPC s e J i "toto" ESC ESC
- substitute symbol with expand-region: SPC v v e S "toto" ESC ESC
- replace symbol with yanked (copied) text with expand region: SPC v e p ESC ESC
Commenting
Comments are handled by evil-nerd-commenter, it's bound to the following keys.
Key Binding | Description
---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------ SPC ; | comment operator SPC c i | comment invert SPC c l | comment lines SPC c p | comment paragraphs SPC c r | comment region SPC c t | comment to line SPC c y | comment and yank
Tips: To comment efficiently a block of line use the combo:
<SPC> ; <SPC> l
Deleting files
Deletion is configured to send deleted files to system trash.
On OS X the trash
program is required. It can be installed with
[homebrew][] with the following command:
$ brew install trash
To disable the trash you can set the variable delete-by-moving-to-trash
to nil
in your ~/.spacemacs
.
Editing Lisp code
Edition of lisp code is provided by evil-lisp-state.
Every commands below will set the current state to lisp state
where
the commands can be repeated without pressing on SPC m.
When in lisp state
the color of the mode-line changes to pink.
Examples:
- to slurp three times while in normal state: SPC m n n n
- to wrap a symbol in parenthesis then slurping two times: SPC m w n n
hjkl keys for quickly editing lisp code
Evil Lisp state binds the most common commands on hjkl:
Key Binding | Function |
---|---|
SPC m h | previous symbol |
SPC m H | forward barf sexp (move the current symbol or sexp outside) |
SPC m j | next closing parenthesis |
SPC m J | wrap symbol with parenthesis (down one level) |
SPC m k | previous opening parenthesis |
SPC m K | unwrap current sexp (up one level) |
SPC m l | next symbol |
SPC m L | forward slurp sexp (move next outside sexp into current one) |
So with just hjkl keys you can:
- navigate between symbols and sexps
- slurp and barf symbols and sexps
- wrap and unwrap symbols and sexps
Notes: Slurping, barfing and wrapping are also bound on other keys, see below.
Other commands:
Key Binding | Function |
---|---|
SPC m ( | insert expression before (same level as current one) |
SPC m ) | insert expression after (same level as current one) |
SPC m a | absorb expression |
SPC m b | forward barf expression |
SPC m B | backward barf expression |
SPC m c | convolute expression |
SPC m i | switch to insert state |
SPC m I | go to beginning of current expression and switch to insert state |
SPC m m | merge (join) expression |
SPC m n | forwared slurp expression |
SPC m N | backward slurp expression |
SPC m p | paste after |
SPC m P | paste before |
SPC m q | unwrap current expression and kill all symbols after point |
SPC m Q | unwrap current expression and kill all symbols before point |
SPC m r | raise expression (replace parent expression by current one) |
SPC m T | transpose expression |
SPC m u | undo |
SPC m C-r | redo |
SPC m v | switch to visual state |
SPC m V | switch to visual line state |
SPC m C-v | switch to visual block state |
SPC m w | wrap expression with parenthesis |
SPC m W | unwrap expression |
SPC m xs | delete symbol |
SPC m xw | delete word |
SPC m xx | delete expression |
SPC m y | copy expression |
Project management
Projects in Spacemacs
are managed with projectile. In
projectile
projects are defined implicitly, for instance the root of a
project is found when a .git
repository or .projectile
file is
encountered in the file tree.
Helm
is used whenever it is possible.
To search in a project see project searching.
projectile
commands start with p:
Key Binding | Description
--------------------|------------------------------------------------------------
SPC p / | run ag
SPC p a | run ag
SPC p A | run ack
SPC p b | switch to project buffer
SPC p d | find directory
SPC p D | open project root in dired
SPC p f | find file
SPC p g | run grep
SPC p h | find file using helm
SPC p I | invalidate the projectile cache
SPC p j | find a tag
SPC p k | kill all project buffers
SPC p o | run multi-occur
SPC p R | regenerate the project's [e|g]tags
SPC p r | replace a string
SPC p s | switch project
SPC p t | find tags
SPC p T | find test files
SPC p v | open project root in vc-dir
or magit
Registers
Access commands to the various registers start with r
:
Key Binding | Description
---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------ SPC r e | show evil yank and named registers SPC r m | show marks register SPC r r | show helm register SPC r y | show kill ring
Errors handling
Spacemacs
uses Flycheck to gives error feedback on the fly.
The checks are only performed at save time by default.
Errors management commands (star with e
):
Key Binding | Description
---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------
SPC e c | clear all errors
SPC e f | toggle flycheck
SPC e l | display the flycheck
list of errors/warnings
SPC e n | go to the next error
SPC e p | go to the previous error
Custom fringe bitmaps:
Symbol | Description |
---|---|
![]() |
Error |
![]() |
warning |
![]() |
Info |
Compiling
Spacemacs
binds a few commands to support compiling a project.
Key Binding | Description
---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------
SPC c c | use helm-make
via projectile
SPC c C | compile
SPC c r | recompile
Modes
Major Mode leader key
Key bindings specific to the current major mode
start with SPC m.
For convenience a shortcut key called the major mode leader key is set by
default on , which saves one precious keystroke.
It is possible to change the major mode leader key by defining the variable
dotspacemacs-major-mode-leader-key
in your ~/.spacemacs
. For example to
setup the key on tabulation:
(setq-default dotspacemacs-major-mode-leader-key "<tab>")
Helm
Spacemacs
add hjkl
navigation to helm
buffers:
Key Binding | Description
------------------|------------------------------------------------------------ CTRL+h | go to previous page CTRL+j | go to previous item CTRL+k | go to next item CTRL+l | go to next page
Experimental Helm feature
If dotspacemacs-feature-toggle-leader-on-jk
is non nil, pressing jk
while
in helm
buffer will trigger the evil leader.
When evil leader is triggered the following commands are available:
Key Binding | Description |
---|---|
1 | execute action 0 |
2 | execute action 1 |
3 | execute action 2 |
4 | execute action 3 |
5 | execute action 4 |
6 | execute action 5 |
7 | execute action 6 |
8 | execute action 7 |
9 | execute action 8 |
0 | execute action 9 |
a | toggle action selection menu |
Ledger
Key Binding | Description
-------------------|------------------------------------------------------------ SPC m a | add a transaction SPC m d | delete current transaction
Org
In org
, evil-org-mode is activated.
Key Binding | Description
----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------ SPC m a | org-agenda SPC m A | org-archive-subtree SPC m c | org-capture SPC m C | evil-org-recompute-clocks SPC m d | org-deadline SPC m e | org-export-dispatch SPC m i | org-clock-in SPC m l | evil-org-open-links SPC m m | org-ctrl-c-ctrl-c SPC m o | org-clock-out SPC m r | org-refile SPC m s | org-schedule SPC m t | org-show-todo-tree gh | outline-up-heading gj | org-forward-heading-same-level gk | org-backward-heading-same-level gl | outline-next-visible-heading t | org-todo T | org-insert-todo-heading nil H | org-beginning-of-line L | org-end-of-line o | always-insert-item O | org-insert-heading $ | org-end-of-line ^ | org-beginning-of-line < | org-metaleft > | org-metaright TAB | org-cycle M-l | org-metaright M-h | org-metaleft M-k | org-metaup M-j | org-metadown M-L | org-shiftmetaright M-H | org-shiftmetaleft M-K | org-shiftmetaup M-J | org-shiftmetadown M-o | org-insert-heading+org-metaright M-t | org-insert-todo-heading nil+ org-metaright
Python
Writing python code with spacemacs is supported by python contribution. Please see python contribution documentation for detail.
JavaScript
More featured JavaScript support is provided by the javascript contribution. Please see javascript contribution documentation for detail.
rcirc
Key Binding | Description
------------------|------------------------------------------------------------ CTRL+j | next item in command history CTRL+k | previous item in command history
HTML and CSS
HTML contribution provides support for editing HTML, CSS, Scss and Less files. Please see html contribution documentation for detail.
Emacs Server
Spacemacs
starts a server at launch. This server is killed whenever you close
your Emacs windows.
Connecting to the Emacs server
TODO
Keeping the server alive
It is possible to keep the server alive when you close Emacs by setting the
variable dotspacemacs-persistent-server
to t
in your ~./spacemacs
.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-persistent-server t)
When this variable is set to t
, the only way to quit Emacs and kill the
server is to use the following bindings:
Key Binding | Description
-------------------|------------------------------------------------------------ SPC q q | Quit Emacs and kill the server SPC q s | Save the buffers, quit Emacs and kill the server
Troubleshoot
Loading fails
If during the first boot of Emacs nothing seems to happen or if the
installation seems to abort prematurely, you can check for an error message
by opening the *Warning*
buffer:
C-x b warning RET
('C-x b' means 'Ctrl + x then b' and 'RET' means 'return')
Then you can copy/paste the error in a Github issue, thank you.
I have no file ~/.spacemacs
You have to manually copy the ~/.emacs.d/core/templates/.spacemacs.template
file to ~/.spacemacs
Tips
evil-lisp-state as default state
To Make lisp state
the default state in Emacs Lisp
buffers, insert in
your ~/.spacemacs
the following snippet:
(defun dotspacemacs/config ()
(add-hook 'emacs-lisp-mode-hook 'evil-lisp-state))
"jk" to trigger evil leader
It is possible to activate an experimental feature which allows to trigger the
evil leader in insert state
, in ido
minibuffer and in helm
buffers.
To activate it, set dotspacemacs-feature-toggle-leader-on-jk
to t
.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-feature-toggle-leader-on-jk t)
More info on this feature:
Achievements
Achievements | Account |
---|---|
First contribution | trishume |
First contribution layer | trishume |
First blog article on Spacemacs | Wolfy87 |
First contributed banner | chrisbarrett |
100th issue (PR) | danielwuz |
200th issue (question) | justrajdeep |
300th issue (PR) | danielwuz |
400th issue (PR) | CestDiego |
100th pull request | bru |
PR gunner (8 PRs in a row) | ralesi |
100th star | Jackneill |
200th star | jb55 |
400th star | dbohdan |
Thank you
Jokes aside, thank you Richard for this great piece of software.
Thank you to all the contributors and the whole Emacs community from core developers to elisp hackers!