324 lines
11 KiB
Org Mode
324 lines
11 KiB
Org Mode
#+TITLE: Helm Gtags layer
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#+TAGS: layer|tag
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* Table of Contents :TOC_5_gh:noexport:
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- [[#description][Description]]
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- [[#features][Features:]]
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- [[#install][Install]]
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- [[#gnu-global-gtags][GNU Global (gtags)]]
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- [[#install-on-ubuntu][Install on Ubuntu]]
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- [[#install-on-arch-linux][Install on Arch Linux]]
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- [[#install-on-macos-using-homebrew][Install on macOS using Homebrew]]
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- [[#install-on-nix-from-source][Install on *nix from source]]
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- [[#install-recommended-dependencies][Install recommended dependencies]]
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- [[#install-with-recommended-features][Install with recommended features]]
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- [[#configure-your-environment-to-use-pygments-and-ctags][Configure your environment to use pygments and ctags]]
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- [[#conflict-between-ctags-and-emacss-etags-binary][Conflict between =ctags= and emacs's =etags= binary]]
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- [[#emacs-configuration][Emacs Configuration]]
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- [[#disabling-by-default][Disabling by default]]
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- [[#usage][Usage]]
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- [[#language-support][Language Support]]
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- [[#built-in-languages][Built-in languages]]
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- [[#exuberant-ctags-languages][Exuberant ctags languages]]
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- [[#universal-ctags-languages][Universal ctags languages]]
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- [[#pygments-languages-plus-symbol-and-reference-tags][Pygments languages (plus symbol and reference tags)]]
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- [[#eldoc-integration][Eldoc integration]]
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- [[#key-bindings][Key bindings]]
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- [[#helm][Helm]]
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- [[#ivy][Ivy]]
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* Description
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=counsel-gtags=, =helm-gtags= and =ggtags= are clients for GNU Global. GNU
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Global is a source code tagging system that allows querying symbol locations in
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source code, such as definitions or references. Adding the =gtags= layer enables
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both of these modes.
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** Features:
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- Select any tag in a project retrieved by gtags
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- Resume previous helm-gtags session
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- Jump to a location based on context
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- Find definitions
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- Find references
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- Present tags in current function only
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- Create a tag database
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- Jump to definitions in file
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- Show stack of visited locations
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- Manually update tag database
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- Jump to next location in context stack
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- Jump to previous location in context stack
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- Jump to a file in tag database
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- Enables =eldoc= in modes that otherwise might not support it.
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- Enables =company complete= in modes that otherwise might not support it.
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* Install
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** GNU Global (gtags)
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To use gtags, you first have to install [[https://www.gnu.org/software/global/download.html][GNU Global]].
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You can install =global= from the software repository of your OS; however, many
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OS distributions are out of date, and you will probably be missing support for
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=pygments= and =exuberant ctags=, and thus support for many languages. We
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recommend installing from source.
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*** Install on Ubuntu
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#+BEGIN_SRC sh
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sudo apt-get install global
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#+END_SRC
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*** Install on Arch Linux
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#+BEGIN_SRC sh
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yay -S global
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#+END_SRC
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*** Install on macOS using Homebrew
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#+BEGIN_SRC sh
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brew install global
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#+END_SRC
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*** Install on *nix from source
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**** Install recommended dependencies
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To take full advantage of global you should install 2 extra packages in
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addition to global: pygments and ctags (exuberant). You can do this using
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your normal OS package manager, e.g. on Ubuntu
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#+BEGIN_SRC sh
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sudo apt-get install exuberant-ctags python-pygments
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#+END_SRC
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or e.g. Archlinux:
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#+BEGIN_SRC sh
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sudo pacman -S ctags python-pygments
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#+END_SRC
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**** Install with recommended features
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Download the latest tar.gz archive from[[https://www.gnu.org/software/global/download.html][ GNU Global Download page]].
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Also check which version of gcc your system is using by default as this will influence the next steps:
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#+BEGIN_SRC sh
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gcc --version
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#+END_SRC
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Then run these commands:
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#+BEGIN_SRC sh
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tar xvf global-<version>.tar.gz
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cd global-<version>
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#+END_SRC
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If you have gcc version 10 then you will have to force building with an earlier version of gcc like so:
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#+BEGIN_SRC sh
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./configure CC=gcc-8 --with-exuberant-ctags=/usr/bin/ctags
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#+END_SRC
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Otherwise do not need to specify a CC flag
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#+BEGIN_SRC sh
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./configure --with-exuberant-ctags=/usr/bin/ctags
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#+END_SRC
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And finally:
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#+BEGIN_SRC sh
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make
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sudo make install
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#+END_SRC
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**** Configure your environment to use pygments and ctags
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To be able to use =pygments= and =ctags=, you need to copy the sample
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=gtags.conf= either to =/etc/gtags.conf= or =$HOME/.globalrc=. For example:
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#+BEGIN_SRC sh
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cp gtags.conf ~/.globalrc
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#+END_SRC
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Additionally you should define GTAGSLABEL in your shell startup file e.g.
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with sh/ksh:
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#+BEGIN_SRC sh
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echo export GTAGSLABEL=pygments >> .profile
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#+END_SRC
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With fish:
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#+BEGIN_SRC sh
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echo export set -x GTAGSLABEL pygments >> ${HOME}/.config/fish/config.fish
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#+END_SRC
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*** Conflict between =ctags= and emacs's =etags= binary
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If you installed =emacs= from source after =ctags=, your original =ctags= binary
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is probably replaced by emacs's =etags=. To get around this you will need to
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configure =emacs= as following before installing:
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#+BEGIN_SRC sh
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./configure --program-transform-name='s/^ctags$/ctags.emacs/'
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#+END_SRC
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To check if you have the correct version of =ctags= execute:
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#+BEGIN_SRC sh
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ctags --version | grep Exuberant
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#+END_SRC
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If there is no output you have the wrong =ctags= executable and you need to
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reinstall =ctags= from your package manager.
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** Emacs Configuration
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To use this configuration layer, add it to your =~/.spacemacs= file. You
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will need to add =gtags= to the existing =dotspacemacs-configuration-layers=.
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#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
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(setq dotspacemacs-configuration-layers
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'( ;; ...
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gtags
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;; ...
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))
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#+END_SRC
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*** Disabling by default
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If =ggtags-mode= is too intrusive you can disable it by default, by setting the
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layer variable =gtags-enable-by-default= to =nil=.
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#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
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(setq-default dotspacemacs-configuration-layers
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'((gtags :variables gtags-enable-by-default t)))
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#+END_SRC
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This variable can also be set as a file-local or directory-local variable for
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additional control on a per project basis.
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* Usage
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Before using =gtags=, remember to create a GTAGS database by one of the following
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methods:
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- From within Emacs, run either =counsel-gtags-create-tags= or =helm-gtags-create-tags=, which are bound to ~SPC m g C~. If the language is
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not directly supported by GNU Global, you can choose =ctags= or =pygments= as
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a backend to generate the database.
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- From inside a terminal:
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#+BEGIN_SRC sh
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cd /path/to/project/root
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# If the language is not directly supported and GTAGSLABEL is not set
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gtags --gtagslabel=pygments
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# Otherwise
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gtags
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#+END_SRC
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** Language Support
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*** Built-in languages
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If you do not have =ctags= or =pygments= enabled gtags will only produce
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tags for the following languages:
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- asm
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- c/c++
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- java
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- php
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- yacc
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*** Exuberant ctags languages
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If you have enabled =exuberant ctags= and use that as the backend
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(i.e. =GTAGSLABEL=ctags= or =--gtagslabel=ctags=) the following additional languages
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are supported:
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- c#
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- erlang
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- javascript
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- common-lisp
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- emacs-lisp
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- lua
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- ocaml
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- python
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- ruby
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- scheme
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- vimscript
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- windows-scripts (.bat .cmd files)
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*** Universal ctags languages
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If you have installed [[https://github.com/universal-ctags/ctags][universal ctags]] and use that as the backend
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(i.e. GTAGSLABEL=ctags or --gtagslabel=ctags) the following additional
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languages are supported:
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- clojure
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- d
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- go
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- rust
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*** Pygments languages (plus symbol and reference tags)
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In order to look up symbol references for any language not in the built in
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parser you must use the pygments backend. When this backend is used global
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actually uses both ctags and pygments to find the definitions and uses of
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functions and variables as well as "other symbols".
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If you enabled pygments (the best choice) and use that as the backend
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(i.e. =GTAGSLABEL=pygments= or =--gtagslabel=pygments=) the following additional
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languages will be supported:
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- elixir
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- fsharp
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- haskell
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- octave
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- racket
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- scala
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- shell-scripts
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- tex
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** Eldoc integration
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This layer also integrates =ggtags= for its Eldoc feature. That means, when
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writing code, you can look at the minibuffer (at the bottom) and see variable
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and function definitions of the symbol under point. However, this feature is
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only activated for languages which are not:
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- C
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- C++
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- Common Lisp
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- Emacs Lisp
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- Python
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- Ruby
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Since these modes have better Eldoc integration already.
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In addition =gtags= commands are also supported for symbols in the
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=compile=, =shell-command= and =async-shell-command= buffers.
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* Key bindings
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| Key binding | Description |
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|-------------+--------------------------------------------------|
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| ~g d~ | jump to definition or references of selected tag |
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** Helm
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| Key binding | Description |
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|-------------+-----------------------------------------------------------|
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| ~SPC m g C~ | create a tag database |
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| ~SPC m g f~ | jump to a file in tag database |
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| ~SPC m g g~ | jump to a location based on context |
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| ~SPC m g G~ | jump to a location based on context (open another window) |
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| ~SPC m g d~ | find definitions |
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| ~SPC m g i~ | present tags in current function only |
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| ~SPC m g l~ | jump to definitions in file |
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| ~SPC m g n~ | jump to next location in context stack |
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| ~SPC m g p~ | jump to previous location in context stack |
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| ~SPC m g r~ | find references |
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| ~SPC m g R~ | resume previous helm-gtags session |
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| ~SPC m g s~ | select any tag in a project retrieved by gtags |
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| ~SPC m g S~ | show stack of visited locations |
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| ~SPC m g y~ | find symbols |
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| ~SPC m g u~ | manually update tag database |
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** Ivy
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=counsel-gtags= is currently missing a few minor features compared to
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=helm-gtags=.
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| Key binding | Description |
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|-------------+------------------------------------------------|
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| ~SPC m g C~ | create a tag database |
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| ~SPC m g f~ | jump to a file in tag database |
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| ~SPC m g g~ | jump to a location based on context |
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| ~SPC m g d~ | find definitions |
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| ~SPC m g n~ | jump to next location in context stack |
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| ~SPC m g p~ | jump to previous location in context stack |
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| ~SPC m g r~ | find references |
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| ~SPC m g s~ | select any tag in a project retrieved by gtags |
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| ~SPC m g y~ | find symbols |
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| ~SPC m g u~ | manually update tag database |
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