462 lines
19 KiB
Scheme
462 lines
19 KiB
Scheme
;;; GNU Guix --- Functional package management for GNU
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;;; Copyright © 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Ludovic Courtès <ludo@gnu.org>
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;;; Copyright © 2016 Christopher Allan Webber <cwebber@dustycloud.org>
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;;; Copyright © 2016 Leo Famulari <leo@famulari.name>
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;;; Copyright © 2017 Mathieu Othacehe <m.othacehe@gmail.com>
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;;; Copyright © 2017 Marius Bakke <mbakke@fastmail.com>
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;;;
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;;; This file is part of GNU Guix.
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;;;
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;;; GNU Guix is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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;;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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;;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at
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;;; your option) any later version.
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;;;
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;;; GNU Guix is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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;;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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;;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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;;; GNU General Public License for more details.
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;;;
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;;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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;;; along with GNU Guix. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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(define-module (gnu build vm)
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#:use-module (guix build utils)
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#:use-module (guix build store-copy)
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#:use-module (guix build syscalls)
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#:use-module (gnu build linux-boot)
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#:use-module (gnu build install)
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#:use-module (gnu build file-systems)
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#:use-module (guix records)
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#:use-module ((guix combinators) #:select (fold2))
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#:use-module (ice-9 format)
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#:use-module (ice-9 match)
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#:use-module (ice-9 regex)
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#:use-module (srfi srfi-1)
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#:use-module (srfi srfi-9)
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#:use-module (srfi srfi-26)
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#:export (qemu-command
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load-in-linux-vm
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format-partition
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partition
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partition?
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partition-device
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partition-size
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partition-file-system
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partition-label
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partition-flags
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partition-initializer
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estimated-partition-size
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root-partition-initializer
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initialize-partition-table
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initialize-hard-disk
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make-iso9660-image))
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;;; Commentary:
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;;;
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;;; This module provides supporting code to run virtual machines and build
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;;; virtual machine images using QEMU.
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;;;
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;;; Code:
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(define* (qemu-command #:optional (system %host-type))
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"Return the default name of the QEMU command for SYSTEM."
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(let ((cpu (substring system 0
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(string-index system #\-))))
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(string-append "qemu-system-"
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(if (string-match "^i[3456]86$" cpu)
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"i386"
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cpu))))
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(define* (load-in-linux-vm builder
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#:key
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output
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(qemu (qemu-command)) (memory-size 512)
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linux initrd
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make-disk-image?
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(disk-image-size (* 100 (expt 2 20)))
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(disk-image-format "qcow2")
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(references-graphs '()))
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"Run BUILDER, a Scheme file, into a VM running LINUX with INITRD, and copy
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the result to OUTPUT.
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When MAKE-DISK-IMAGE? is true, OUTPUT will contain a VM image of
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DISK-IMAGE-SIZE bytes resulting from the execution of BUILDER, which may
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access it via /dev/hda.
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REFERENCES-GRAPHS can specify a list of reference-graph files as produced by
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the #:references-graphs parameter of 'derivation'."
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(when make-disk-image?
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(format #t "creating ~a image of ~,2f MiB...~%"
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disk-image-format (/ disk-image-size (expt 2 20)))
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(force-output)
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(unless (zero? (system* "qemu-img" "create" "-f" disk-image-format
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output
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(number->string disk-image-size)))
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(error "qemu-img failed")))
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(mkdir "xchg")
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(match references-graphs
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((graph-files ...)
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;; Copy the reference-graph files under xchg/ so EXP can access it.
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(map (lambda (file)
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(copy-file file (string-append "xchg/" file)))
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graph-files))
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(_ #f))
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(unless (zero?
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(apply system* qemu "-nographic" "-no-reboot"
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"-m" (number->string memory-size)
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"-net" "nic,model=virtio"
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"-virtfs"
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(string-append "local,id=store_dev,path="
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(%store-directory)
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",security_model=none,mount_tag=store")
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"-virtfs"
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(string-append "local,id=xchg_dev,path=xchg"
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",security_model=none,mount_tag=xchg")
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"-kernel" linux
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"-initrd" initrd
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"-append" (string-append "console=ttyS0 --load="
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builder)
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(append
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(if make-disk-image?
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`("-drive" ,(string-append "file=" output
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",if=virtio"))
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'())
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;; Only enable kvm if we see /dev/kvm exists.
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;; This allows users without hardware virtualization to still
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;; use these commands.
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(if (file-exists? "/dev/kvm")
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'("-enable-kvm")
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'()))))
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(error "qemu failed" qemu))
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;; When MAKE-DISK-IMAGE? is true, the image is in OUTPUT already.
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(unless make-disk-image?
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(mkdir output)
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(copy-recursively "xchg" output)))
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;;;
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;;; Partitions.
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;;;
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(define-record-type* <partition> partition make-partition
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partition?
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(device partition-device (default #f))
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(size partition-size)
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(file-system partition-file-system (default "ext4"))
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(label partition-label (default #f))
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(flags partition-flags (default '()))
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(initializer partition-initializer (default (const #t))))
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(define (estimated-partition-size graphs)
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"Return the estimated size of a partition that can store the store items
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given by GRAPHS, a list of file names produced by #:references-graphs."
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;; Simply add a 20% overhead.
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(round (* 1.2 (closure-size graphs))))
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(define* (initialize-partition-table device partitions
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#:key
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(label-type "msdos")
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(offset (expt 2 20)))
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"Create on DEVICE a partition table of type LABEL-TYPE, containing the given
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PARTITIONS (a list of <partition> objects), starting at OFFSET bytes. On
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success, return PARTITIONS with their 'device' field changed to reflect their
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actual /dev name based on DEVICE."
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(define (partition-options part offset index)
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(cons* "mkpart" "primary" "ext2"
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(format #f "~aB" offset)
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(format #f "~aB" (+ offset (partition-size part)))
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(append-map (lambda (flag)
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(list "set" (number->string index)
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(symbol->string flag) "on"))
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(partition-flags part))))
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(define (options partitions offset)
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(let loop ((partitions partitions)
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(offset offset)
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(index 1)
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(result '()))
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(match partitions
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(()
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(concatenate (reverse result)))
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((head tail ...)
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(loop tail
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;; Leave one sector (512B) between partitions to placate
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;; Parted.
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(+ offset 512 (partition-size head))
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(+ 1 index)
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(cons (partition-options head offset index)
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result))))))
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(format #t "creating partition table with ~a partitions (~a)...\n"
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(length partitions)
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(string-join (map (compose (cut string-append <> " MiB")
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number->string
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(lambda (size)
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(round (/ size (expt 2. 20))))
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partition-size)
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partitions)
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", "))
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(unless (zero? (apply system* "parted" "--script"
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device "mklabel" label-type
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(options partitions offset)))
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(error "failed to create partition table"))
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;; Set the 'device' field of each partition.
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(reverse
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(fold2 (lambda (part result index)
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(values (cons (partition
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(inherit part)
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(device (string-append device
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(number->string index))))
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result)
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(+ 1 index)))
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'()
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1
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partitions)))
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(define MS_BIND 4096) ; <sys/mounts.h> again!
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(define* (create-ext-file-system partition type
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#:key label)
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"Create an ext-family filesystem of TYPE on PARTITION. If LABEL is true,
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use that as the volume name."
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(format #t "creating ~a partition...\n" type)
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(unless (zero? (apply system* (string-append "mkfs." type)
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"-F" partition
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(if label
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`("-L" ,label)
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'())))
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(error "failed to create partition")))
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(define* (create-fat-file-system partition
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#:key label)
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"Create a FAT filesystem on PARTITION. The number of File Allocation Tables
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will be determined based on filesystem size. If LABEL is true, use that as the
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volume name."
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(format #t "creating FAT partition...\n")
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(unless (zero? (apply system* "mkfs.fat" partition
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(if label
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`("-n" ,label)
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'())))
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(error "failed to create FAT partition")))
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(define* (format-partition partition type
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#:key label)
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"Create a file system TYPE on PARTITION. If LABEL is true, use that as the
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volume name."
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(cond ((string-prefix? "ext" type)
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(create-ext-file-system partition type #:label label))
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((or (string-prefix? "fat" type) (string= "vfat" type))
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(create-fat-file-system partition #:label label))
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(else (error "Unsupported file system."))))
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(define (initialize-partition partition)
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"Format PARTITION, a <partition> object with a non-#f 'device' field, mount
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it, run its initializer, and unmount it."
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(let ((target "/fs"))
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(format-partition (partition-device partition)
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(partition-file-system partition)
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#:label (partition-label partition))
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(mkdir-p target)
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(mount (partition-device partition) target
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(partition-file-system partition))
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((partition-initializer partition) target)
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(umount target)
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partition))
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(define* (root-partition-initializer #:key (closures '())
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copy-closures?
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(register-closures? #t)
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system-directory)
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"Return a procedure to initialize a root partition.
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If REGISTER-CLOSURES? is true, register all of CLOSURES is the partition's
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store. If COPY-CLOSURES? is true, copy all of CLOSURES to the partition.
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SYSTEM-DIRECTORY is the name of the directory of the 'system' derivation."
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(lambda (target)
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(define target-store
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(string-append target (%store-directory)))
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(when copy-closures?
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;; Populate the store.
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(populate-store (map (cut string-append "/xchg/" <>) closures)
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target))
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;; Populate /dev.
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(make-essential-device-nodes #:root target)
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;; Optionally, register the inputs in the image's store.
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(when register-closures?
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(unless copy-closures?
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;; XXX: 'guix-register' wants to palpate the things it registers, so
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;; bind-mount the store on the target.
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(mkdir-p target-store)
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(mount (%store-directory) target-store "" MS_BIND))
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(display "registering closures...\n")
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(for-each (lambda (closure)
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(register-closure target
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(string-append "/xchg/" closure)))
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closures)
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(unless copy-closures?
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(umount target-store)))
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;; Add the non-store directories and files.
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(display "populating...\n")
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(populate-root-file-system system-directory target)
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;; 'guix-register' resets timestamps and everything, so no need to do it
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;; once more in that case.
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(unless register-closures?
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(reset-timestamps target))))
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(define (register-bootcfg-root target bootcfg)
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"On file system TARGET, register BOOTCFG as a GC root."
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(let ((directory (string-append target "/var/guix/gcroots")))
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(mkdir-p directory)
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(symlink bootcfg (string-append directory "/bootcfg"))))
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(define (install-efi grub esp config-file)
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"Write a self-contained GRUB EFI loader to the mounted ESP using CONFIG-FILE."
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(let* ((system %host-type)
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;; Hard code the output location to a well-known path recognized by
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;; compliant firmware. See "3.5.1.1 Removable Media Boot Behaviour":
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;; http://www.uefi.org/sites/default/files/resources/UEFI%20Spec%202_6.pdf
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(grub-mkstandalone (string-append grub "/bin/grub-mkstandalone"))
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(efi-directory (string-append esp "/EFI/BOOT"))
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;; Map grub target names to boot file names.
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(efi-targets (cond ((string-prefix? "x86_64" system)
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'("x86_64-efi" . "BOOTX64.EFI"))
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((string-prefix? "i686" system)
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'("i386-efi" . "BOOTIA32.EFI"))
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((string-prefix? "armhf" system)
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'("arm-efi" . "BOOTARM.EFI"))
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((string-prefix? "aarch64" system)
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'("arm64-efi" . "BOOTAA64.EFI")))))
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;; grub-mkstandalone requires a TMPDIR to prepare the firmware image.
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(setenv "TMPDIR" esp)
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(mkdir-p efi-directory)
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(unless (zero? (system* grub-mkstandalone "-O" (car efi-targets)
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"-o" (string-append efi-directory "/"
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(cdr efi-targets))
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;; Graft the configuration file onto the image.
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(string-append "boot/grub/grub.cfg=" config-file)))
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(error "failed to create GRUB EFI image"))))
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(define* (make-iso9660-image grub config-file os-drv target
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#:key (volume-id "GuixSD") (volume-uuid #f))
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"Given a GRUB package, creates an iso image as TARGET, using CONFIG-FILE as
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Grub configuration and OS-DRV as the stuff in it."
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(let ((grub-mkrescue (string-append grub "/bin/grub-mkrescue")))
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(mkdir-p "/tmp/root/var/run")
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(mkdir-p "/tmp/root/run")
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(unless (zero? (apply system*
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`(,grub-mkrescue "-o" ,target
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,(string-append "boot/grub/grub.cfg=" config-file)
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,(string-append "gnu/store=" os-drv "/..")
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"var=/tmp/root/var"
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"run=/tmp/root/run"
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"--"
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;; Store two copies of the headers.
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;; The resulting ISO-9660 image has a DOS MBR and
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;; one protective partition (with type 0xCD).
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;; Because GuixSD only uses actual partitions
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;; rather than what /proc/partitions returns, work
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;; around it by storing the primary volume
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;; descriptor twice, once where it should be and
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;; once in the partition.
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;; Allegedly, otherwise, many other GNU tools
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;; (automounters etc) would also be confused by
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;; the extra partition so it makes sense to
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;; store two copies in any case.
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"-boot_image" "any" "partition_offset=16"
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"-volid" ,(string-upcase volume-id)
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,@(if volume-uuid
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`("-volume_date" "uuid"
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,(string-filter (lambda (value)
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(not (char=? #\- value)))
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(iso9660-uuid->string
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volume-uuid)))
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`()))))
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(error "failed to create ISO9660 image"))))
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(define* (initialize-hard-disk device
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#:key
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bootloader-package
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bootcfg
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bootcfg-location
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bootloader-installer
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(grub-efi #f)
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(partitions '()))
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"Initialize DEVICE as a disk containing all the <partition> objects listed
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in PARTITIONS, and using BOOTCFG as its bootloader configuration file.
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Each partition is initialized by calling its 'initializer' procedure,
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passing it a directory name where it is mounted."
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(define (partition-bootable? partition)
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"Return the first partition found with the boot flag set."
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(member 'boot (partition-flags partition)))
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(define (partition-esp? partition)
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"Return the first EFI System Partition."
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(member 'esp (partition-flags partition)))
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(let* ((partitions (initialize-partition-table device partitions))
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(root (find partition-bootable? partitions))
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(esp (find partition-esp? partitions))
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(target "/fs"))
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(unless root
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(error "no bootable partition specified" partitions))
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(for-each initialize-partition partitions)
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(display "mounting root partition...\n")
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(mkdir-p target)
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(mount (partition-device root) target (partition-file-system root))
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(install-boot-config bootcfg bootcfg-location target)
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(when bootloader-installer
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(display "installing bootloader...\n")
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(bootloader-installer bootloader-package device target))
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(when esp
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;; Mount the ESP somewhere and install GRUB UEFI image.
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(let ((mount-point (string-append target "/boot/efi"))
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(grub-config (string-append target "/tmp/grub-standalone.cfg")))
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(display "mounting EFI system partition...\n")
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(mkdir-p mount-point)
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(mount (partition-device esp) mount-point
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(partition-file-system esp))
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;; Create a tiny configuration file telling the embedded grub
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;; where to load the real thing.
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(call-with-output-file grub-config
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(lambda (port)
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(format port
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"insmod part_msdos~@
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search --set=root --label GuixSD~@
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configfile /boot/grub/grub.cfg~%")))
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(display "creating EFI firmware image...")
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(install-efi grub-efi mount-point grub-config)
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(display "done.\n")
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(delete-file grub-config)
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(umount mount-point)))
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;; Register BOOTCFG as a GC root.
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(register-bootcfg-root target bootcfg)
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(umount target)))
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;;; vm.scm ends here
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