* guix/channels.scm (<channel-metadata>): New record.
(read-channel-metadata, channel-instance-dependencies): New procedures.
(latest-channel-instances): Include channel dependencies; add optional
argument PREVIOUS-CHANNELS.
(channel-instance-derivations): Build derivation for additional channels and
add it as dependency to the channel instance derivation.
* doc/guix.texi (Channels): Add subsection "Declaring Channel Dependencies".
* tests/channels.scm: New file.
* Makefile.am (SCM_TESTS): Add it.
