diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index f6d983fda8..f726b1ae43 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -249,6 +249,9 @@ AC_SUBST(bzip2_bin_test)
 AC_CHECK_LIB(pthread, pthread_mutex_init)
 
 
+LDFLAGS="-lsqlite3"
+
+
 AC_ARG_ENABLE(init-state, AC_HELP_STRING([--disable-init-state],
   [do not initialise DB etc. in `make install']),
   init_state=$enableval, init_state=yes)
diff --git a/src/bin2c/bin2c.c b/src/bin2c/bin2c.c
index 18bf81d69e..5ed8a57082 100644
--- a/src/bin2c/bin2c.c
+++ b/src/bin2c/bin2c.c
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ int main(int argc, char * * argv)
 {
     int c;
     if (argc != 2) abort();
-    print("static unsigned char %s[] = {", argv[1]);
+    print("static unsigned char %s[] = { ", argv[1]);
     while ((c = getchar()) != EOF) {
         print("0x%02x, ", (unsigned char) c);
     }
-    print("};\n");
+    print("0 };\n");
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/src/libstore/Makefile.am b/src/libstore/Makefile.am
index 8638715193..0140857b81 100644
--- a/src/libstore/Makefile.am
+++ b/src/libstore/Makefile.am
@@ -19,5 +19,10 @@ EXTRA_DIST = derivations-ast.def derivations-ast.cc
 AM_CXXFLAGS = -Wall \
  -I$(srcdir)/.. ${aterm_include} -I$(srcdir)/../libutil
 
+local-store.lo: schema.sql.hh
+
+%.sql.hh: %.sql
+	../bin2c/bin2c schema < $< > $@ || (rm $@ && exit 1)
+
 derivations-ast.cc derivations-ast.hh: ../aterm-helper.pl derivations-ast.def
 	$(perl) $(srcdir)/../aterm-helper.pl derivations-ast.hh derivations-ast.cc < $(srcdir)/derivations-ast.def
diff --git a/src/libstore/local-store.cc b/src/libstore/local-store.cc
index 7c8db745cb..55637dd859 100644
--- a/src/libstore/local-store.cc
+++ b/src/libstore/local-store.cc
@@ -22,6 +22,16 @@
 namespace nix {
 
     
+class SQLiteError : public Error
+{
+public:
+    SQLiteError(sqlite3 * db, const format & f)
+        : Error(format("%1%: %2%") % f.str() % sqlite3_errmsg(db))
+    {
+    }
+};
+
+
 void checkStoreNotSymlink()
 {
     if (getEnv("NIX_IGNORE_SYMLINK_STORE") == "1") return;
@@ -42,6 +52,7 @@ void checkStoreNotSymlink()
 
 LocalStore::LocalStore()
 {
+    db = 0;
     substitutablePathsLoaded = false;
     
     schemaPath = nixDBPath + "/schema";
@@ -50,9 +61,6 @@ LocalStore::LocalStore()
 
     /* Create missing state directories if they don't already exist. */
     createDirs(nixStore);
-    createDirs(nixDBPath + "/info");
-    createDirs(nixDBPath + "/referrer");
-    createDirs(nixDBPath + "/failed");
     Path profilesDir = nixStateDir + "/profiles";
     createDirs(nixStateDir + "/profiles");
     createDirs(nixStateDir + "/temproots");
@@ -88,7 +96,12 @@ LocalStore::LocalStore()
         writeFile(schemaPath, (format("%1%") % nixSchemaVersion).str());
     }
     if (curSchema == 1) throw Error("your Nix store is no longer supported");
-    if (curSchema < nixSchemaVersion) upgradeStore12();
+    if (curSchema < 5)
+        throw Error(
+            "Your Nix store has a database in Berkeley DB format,\n"
+            "which is no longer supported. To convert to the new format,\n"
+            "please upgrade Nix to version 0.12 first.");
+    if (curSchema < 6) upgradeStore6();
 
     doFsync = queryBoolSetting("fsync-metadata", false);
 }
@@ -99,6 +112,9 @@ LocalStore::~LocalStore()
     try {
         flushDelayedUpdates();
 
+        if (db && sqlite3_close(db) != SQLITE_OK)
+            throw SQLiteError(db, "closing database");
+
         foreach (RunningSubstituters::iterator, i, runningSubstituters) {
             i->second.to.close();
             i->second.from.close();
@@ -123,6 +139,22 @@ int LocalStore::getSchema()
 }
 
 
+#include "schema.sql.hh"
+
+void LocalStore::initSchema()
+{
+    if (sqlite3_open_v2((nixDBPath + "/db.sqlite").c_str(), &db,
+            SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE | SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, 0) != SQLITE_OK)
+        throw Error("cannot open SQLite database");
+
+    if (sqlite3_busy_timeout(db, 60000) != SQLITE_OK)
+        throw SQLiteError(db, "sett");
+    
+    if (sqlite3_exec(db, (const char *) schema, 0, 0, 0) != SQLITE_OK)
+        throw SQLiteError(db, "initialising database schema");
+}
+
+
 void canonicalisePathMetaData(const Path & path, bool recurse)
 {
     checkInterrupt();
@@ -1171,15 +1203,78 @@ void LocalStore::verifyStore(bool checkContents)
 }
 
 
-/* Upgrade from schema 4 (Nix 0.11) to schema 5 (Nix >= 0.12).  The
-   old schema uses Berkeley DB, the new one stores store path
-   meta-information in files. */
-void LocalStore::upgradeStore12()
+/* Upgrade from schema 5 (Nix 0.12) to schema 6 (Nix >= 0.15). */
+void LocalStore::upgradeStore6()
 {
-    throw Error(
-        "Your Nix store has a database in Berkeley DB format,\n"
-        "which is no longer supported. To convert to the new format,\n"
-        "please upgrade Nix to version 0.12 first.");
+    if (!lockFile(globalLock, ltWrite, false)) {
+        printMsg(lvlError, "waiting for exclusive access to the Nix store...");
+        lockFile(globalLock, ltWrite, true);
+    }
+
+    printMsg(lvlError, "upgrading Nix store to new schema (this may take a while)...");
+
+    initSchema();
+
+    PathSet validPaths = queryValidPaths();
+
+    sqlite3_stmt * registerStmt;
+    if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, "insert into ValidPaths (path, hash, registrationTime) values (?, ?, ?);",
+            -1, &registerStmt, 0) != SQLITE_OK)
+        throw SQLiteError(db, "creating statement");
+    
+    sqlite3_stmt * addRefStmt;
+    if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, "insert into Refs (referrer, reference) values (?, ?);",
+            -1, &addRefStmt, 0) != SQLITE_OK)
+        throw SQLiteError(db, "creating statement");
+    
+    if (sqlite3_exec(db, "begin;", 0, 0, 0) != SQLITE_OK)
+        throw SQLiteError(db, "running `begin' command");
+    
+    foreach (PathSet::iterator, i, validPaths) {
+        ValidPathInfo info = queryPathInfo(*i, true);
+        
+        if (sqlite3_reset(registerStmt) != SQLITE_OK)
+            throw SQLiteError(db, "resetting statement");
+        if (sqlite3_bind_text(registerStmt, 1, i->c_str(), -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT) != SQLITE_OK)
+            throw SQLiteError(db, "binding argument 1");
+        string h = "sha256:" + printHash(info.hash);
+        if (sqlite3_bind_text(registerStmt, 2, h.c_str(), -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT) != SQLITE_OK)
+            throw SQLiteError(db, "binding argument 2");
+        if (sqlite3_bind_int(registerStmt, 3, info.registrationTime) != SQLITE_OK)
+            throw SQLiteError(db, "binding argument 3");
+        if (sqlite3_step(registerStmt) != SQLITE_DONE)
+            throw SQLiteError(db, "registering valid path in database");
+
+        foreach (PathSet::iterator, j, info.references) {
+            if (sqlite3_reset(addRefStmt) != SQLITE_OK)
+                throw SQLiteError(db, "resetting statement");
+            if (sqlite3_bind_text(addRefStmt, 1, i->c_str(), -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT) != SQLITE_OK)
+                throw SQLiteError(db, "binding argument 1");
+            if (sqlite3_bind_text(addRefStmt, 2, j->c_str(), -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT) != SQLITE_OK)
+                throw SQLiteError(db, "binding argument 2");
+            if (sqlite3_step(addRefStmt) != SQLITE_DONE)
+                throw SQLiteError(db, "adding reference to database");
+        }
+
+        std::cerr << ".";
+    }
+
+    std::cerr << "\n";
+
+    if (sqlite3_exec(db, "commit;", 0, 0, 0) != SQLITE_OK)
+        throw SQLiteError(db, "running `commit' command");
+    
+    if (sqlite3_finalize(registerStmt) != SQLITE_OK)
+        throw SQLiteError(db, "finalizing statement");
+
+    if (sqlite3_finalize(addRefStmt) != SQLITE_OK)
+        throw SQLiteError(db, "finalizing statement");
+
+    throw Error("foo");
+
+    writeFile(schemaPath, (format("%1%") % nixSchemaVersion).str());
+
+    lockFile(globalLock, ltRead, true);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/libstore/local-store.hh b/src/libstore/local-store.hh
index 31f8d91096..f295656800 100644
--- a/src/libstore/local-store.hh
+++ b/src/libstore/local-store.hh
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 #include "store-api.hh"
 #include "util.hh"
 
+#include <sqlite3.h>
+
 
 namespace nix {
 
@@ -161,8 +163,12 @@ private:
     /* Whether to do an fsync() after writing Nix metadata. */
     bool doFsync;
 
+    sqlite3 * db;
+
     int getSchema();
 
+    void initSchema();
+
     void registerValidPath(const ValidPathInfo & info, bool ignoreValidity = false);
 
     ValidPathInfo queryPathInfo(const Path & path, bool ignoreErrors = false);
@@ -177,7 +183,7 @@ private:
     
     void invalidatePath(const Path & path);
     
-    void upgradeStore12();
+    void upgradeStore6();
 
     struct GCState;
 
diff --git a/src/libstore/schema.sql b/src/libstore/schema.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e241329430
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libstore/schema.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+pragma foreign_keys = on;
+
+create table if not exists ValidPaths (
+    path             text primary key not null,
+    hash             text not null,
+    registrationTime integer not null
+);
+
+create table if not exists Refs (
+    referrer  text not null,
+    reference text not null,
+    primary key (referrer, reference),
+    foreign key (referrer) references ValidPaths(path)
+      on delete cascade
+      deferrable initially deferred,
+    foreign key (reference) references ValidPaths(path)
+      on delete restrict
+      deferrable initially deferred
+);
+
+create table if not exists FailedDerivations (
+    path text primary key not null,
+    time integer not null
+);
+
+create index IndexReferrer on Refs(referrer);
+create index IndexReference on Refs(reference);